This paper is an attempt to develop and validate the Emotional Competence Scale (ECS) in order to assess the emotional competence of upper primary school students. This review was done to find the dimensions that measure emotional competence. The dimensions are classified into two broad categories, such as personal competence and social…

Critical thinking ability and character education seem to be interesting educational topics that are being discussed in the digital era of 21st century. It is necessary to optimize the character education in the learning process earlier using various learning media. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence learning process of legend…

At the beginning of the 21st century, "number sense" was listed as one of the core words in the mathematics curriculum of compulsory education in China, and it has now become one of the core competencies of primary school mathematics. It is necessary to determine the development of number sense of first-grade primary school students (6-7…

Creativity is highly valued in both education and the workforce, but assessing and developing creativity can be difficult without psychometrically robust and affordable tools. The open-ended nature of creativity assessments has made them difficult to score, expensive, often imprecise, and therefore impractical for school- or district-wide use. To…

This study assesses the psychometric properties of the Sense of Community Scale in School (SOC-S), among 1027 seventh-grade primary school students (M = 12.5; SD = 0.69) in urban schools in Chile. The results affirm the multidimensional conceptualization of the sense of community, aligning with the theory proposed by McMillan and Chavis (1986),…

Background/purpose: The study tries to discover how predictive thinking can be incorporated into writing activities to assist students in developing their creative skills in writing learning environments. Through this study, teachers will be able to adopt a new teaching method that helps transform the way creative writing is taught in language…

Introduction: Numerous studies have investigated the use of Wechsler tests on individuals with visual impairments. However, few studies have examined the utilization of the fourth edition of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) for such individuals. This study investigated the reliability and validity of the WISC-IV Verbal…

Background/Purpose: The study aimed to develop a rubric to measure students' critical-thinking skills within a multicultural education scope. Materials/Methods: The study's participants were faculty members, teachers, and students, determined according to convenience sampling based on predetermined criterion. Initially, a story-based test and…

The development of computational thinking skills is attracting attention worldwide. The use of visual or block-based coding in primary schools has gained momentum. Yet, students' acceptance of such coding environments has been neglected in the literature. This study presents a measurement instrument that will allow pursuing such an endeavor. The…

Education systems worldwide have shown much interest in "21st Century Competencies." In response to the call for better assessment of these competencies, we draw on a 4Cs framework (Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, and Critical Thinking) and develop the 21st Century Competencies Scale-4C on a sample of 5857 Grades Four to Nine…

This study analyzed Pennsylvania School Climate Survey data from students and staff in the 2021/22 school year to assess the validity and reliability of the elementary school student version of the survey; approaches to scoring the survey in individual schools at all grade levels; and perceptions of school climate across student, staff, and school…

Background/purpose: The purposes of this research are to develop a reliable and valid assessment tool for measuring systems thinking skills in upper primary students in Thailand and to establish a normative criterion for evaluating their systems thinking abilities based on educational standards. Materials/methods: The study followed a three-phase…

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of robotic coding activities on elementary school students' metacognitive skills and attitudes towards robotic coding. A mixed-method approach was employed in the research, utilizing a single group pre-and post-test design. The study sample consisted of 20 students enrolled in the fourth grade…

This study aims to develop an instrument that measures democratic attitudes levels in primary school students in third and fourth grades. This study involved 591 students (302 for exploratory factor analysis, 289 for confirmatory factor analysis) enrolled in the 3rd and 4th grades. A literature review was conducted to prepare the scale items, and…

This study aims to investigate the role of social support--specifically from family, teachers, and peers--in enhancing computational thinking (CT) abilities among elementary school students. Grounded in social support theory, the scales related to teacher, parental, and peer support were adapted from the PSIA test. After ensuring their reliability…