In this article infant operant conditioning studies are grouped according to distinct procedures: free operant; discrete trial with one discriminative stimulus; discrete trial with two or more discriminative stimuli; controlled operant with two or more discriminative stimuli; and unrestricted operant with two or more discriminative stimuli.…

Programed instruction applies what is known about learning to educational psychology. The success of programed learning is determined by the material used and by the construction of this material. In order to construct effective learning sequences, the behavioral end products of instruction must be specified clearly and precisely. The subject…

THE RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIX MODES OF TRAINING TEACHERS TO USE PROBING QUESTIONS WAS INVESTIGATED. THE MODES INVOLVED SYMBOLIC MODELING, PERCEPTUAL MODELING, OR BOTH, COUPLED WITH FEEDBACK. AFTER RATINGS OF PERTINENT BEHAVIOR IN A 5-MINUTE LESSON WERE COLLECTED AS PRETRAINING MEASURES, STANFORD TEACHER INTERNS WERE RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED AMONG…

Teachers and teacher educators seem to be little aware of some major concepts about instruction that provide important insights into the central requirements for learning. A common misconception is that motivation has to do with wanting or desiring. It is instead attention to stimuli that is influenced by two powerful agents--(1) suspense,…