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Peer reviewedLeinhardt, Gaea; And Others – American Educational Research Journal, 1981
Reading instruction and its effects were examined for 105 students in elementary classrooms for the learning disabled. Extensive detailed observations of students, teachers, and instructional material were used to explore the plausibility of a causal model of the effects of reading behaviors and instruction on students' reading performance.…
Descriptors: Classroom Observation Techniques, Classroom Research, Elementary Education, Instructional Improvement
Powers, Stephen; Gallas, Edwin J. – 1980
The general purposes of this study were to investigate the factorial validity of the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills (CTBS), Reading Comprehension subtest, and to study the item difficulties in order to determine areas of strengths and weaknesses of sixth and seventh grade Elementary Secondary Education Act (ESEA) Title I students. A sample of…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Compensatory Education, Factor Analysis, Factor Structure


