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Roembke, Tanja C.; Hazeltine, Eliot; Reed, Deborah K.; McMurray, Bob – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Many middle-school students struggle with basic reading skills. One reason for this might be a lack of automaticity in word-level lexical processes. To investigate this, we used a novel backward masking paradigm, in which a written word is either covered with a mask or not. Participants (N = 444 [after exclusions]; n[subscript female] = 264,…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Reading Skills, Decoding (Reading), Reading Fluency