Learning behavior refers to students' preparedness to embrace various learning forms and techniques, encompassing skills, activities, creativity, and motivation. Positive learning behavior improves efficiency, discipline, and academic skills, while negative learning behavior results in a diminished grasp of the essence of learning and cultivates…

The main aim of our study was to adapt the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) to an Estonian context. The QTI was translated and evaluated by three educational researchers and validated with a sample of 508 students from grades 6 and 9 in 13 middle schools. When statistical analyses were utilized to investigate reliability and validity of…

There is growing interest in climate change education, however there are very limited tools in elementary and secondary level to measure students' understanding. Departing from this need, this study aimed to adapt the Climate Change Stages of Change Questionnaire into Turkish and examine its validity and reliability. The adaptation process stated…

Although the impact of non-cognitive factors, such as math anxiety, math test-taking anxiety, and attitudes toward mathematics, has been extensively studied, this area remains partially unexplored in the realm of national assessments. This research focuses on the analysis of the validity and reliability of an 11-item questionnaire introduced by…

Background: Difficulties identifying anxiety disorders in primary-school aged children present significant barriers to timely access to support and intervention. This study aimed to develop a brief assessment tool that can identify children with anxiety disorders in community settings, with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Methods:…

The aim of the study was to explore same-sex and opposite-sex friendship functions among 12 to 13- and 16 to 17-year-old Hungarian adolescents (n = 304). To explore perceptions of friendship functions, the McGill Friendship Questionnaire (MFQ, 30 items, 6 factors: stimulating companionship, help, intimacy, reliable alliance, self-validation,…

Based on the dichotomous classroom goal structure model and TARGET framework, this study developed and validated a new Dichotomous Classroom Goal Structure Questionnaire (DCGSQ). A total of 339 seventh-grade students in Beijing completed the two-phase survey in Study 1. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were used to assess the…

The study aimed to verify the psychometric properties of the emotional-style scale and explore different clusters of emotional styles. An emotional style scale was completed in three districts of western Taiwan using stratified random sampling. The study confirmed the reliability and convergent validity of each subscale in a sample of 712…

This paper describes the development and validation of an instrument to assess how students deal with emotionally challenging classroom situations (the DECCS Questionnaire). The questionnaire is based on a vignette with one learning and one performance situation in a classroom, and is intended for students in grades 4 to 7. On a sample of N = 639…

In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on dimensions of the school environment because of their effects on teachers' outcomes such as teaching efficacy, job satisfaction, and commitment. However, current literature illustrates that not many studies on different aspects regarding schools' environmental issues have been conducted in…

This study aimed to develop and validate a self-efficacy and affect questionnaire focused on upper-elementary students' reading and spelling of multisyllabic words. The research addresses a gap in understanding students' self-efficacy, affect, and avoidance behaviors related to decoding and spelling complex words. Participants included 395…

There are limited research studies about the development of questionnaire to assess the level of primary school students' curiosity towards STEM education. In this research, curiosity towards STEM Education Questionnaire (CQ-STEM) instrument was developed based on Berlyne's Theory of Curiosity. CQ-STEM consisted of 10 items measuring the two…

Questionnaire scales that are mixed-worded, i.e. include both positively and negatively worded items, often suffer from issues like low reliability and more complex latent structures than intended. Part of the problem might be that some responders fail to respond consistently to the mixed-worded items. We investigated the prevalence and impact of…

"LifeSkills Training" (LST) is a popular drug prevention program shown to be effective at preventing youth substance use. The Middle School Health Survey (MSHS) is a questionnaire that was created by the developers of the LST curriculum to measure changes in knowledge and attitudes about drugs and life skills among youth. Despite the…

This study examined the factorial and construct validity of a multi-dimensional measure of motives for writing with middle school students. The Writing Motivation Questionnaire included 28 items assessing seven motives for writing. Two motives assessed intrinsic reasons for writing (curiosity, involvement); three motives addressed extrinsic…