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K-12 Education: Nationally, Black Girls Receive More Frequent and More Severe Discipline in School than Other Girls. Report to Congressional Requesters. GAO-24-106787
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Jacqueline M. Nowicki – US Government Accountability Office, 2024
Federal data show that many girls are struggling across almost all measures of well-being--including substance use, experiences of violence, mental health, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Girls' well-being can be affected by their experiences in public schools, and the detrimental effects of removing students from the classroom for discipline…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Racial Differences, Racism, Public Schools
Factors Associated with the Use of Restraints in the Public Schools
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Barnard-Brak, Lucy; Xiao, Feiya; Liu, Xiaoya – Education and Treatment of Children, 2014
The improper use of reported restraints has been associated with serious injury and death in both mental health and school settings. However, there is currently no federal legislation that regulates the use of reported restraints in the schools in contrast to health care facilities (e.g., Children's Health Act of 2000). As children with…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Public Schools, Socioeconomic Status, Low Income
Civil Rights Enforcement Gone Haywire: The Federal Government's New School-Discipline Policy
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Epstein, Richard A. – Education Next, 2014
In January, 2014, the Civil Rights Division of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Office for Civil Rights in the Department of Education (ED) issued a joint "Dear Colleague Letter" to K-12 schools. The topic discussed in their joint letter is whether administrators are punishing minority children more harshly than white children for…
Descriptors: Civil Rights, Punishment, Minority Group Students, Racial Bias