Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 0 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 0 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 2 |
Descriptor
| Affective Behavior | 2 |
| Parenting Styles | 2 |
| Punishment | 2 |
| Academic Achievement | 1 |
| Access to Computers | 1 |
| Aggression | 1 |
| At Risk Persons | 1 |
| Child Behavior | 1 |
| Child Rearing | 1 |
| Correlation | 1 |
| Depression (Psychology) | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 2 |
| Reports - Research | 2 |
Education Level
| Elementary Education | 1 |
| Grade 1 | 1 |
| Kindergarten | 1 |
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
| Home Observation for… | 2 |
| Center for Epidemiologic… | 1 |
| Child Behavior Checklist | 1 |
| Early Childhood Longitudinal… | 1 |
| Parenting Stress Index | 1 |
| Social Skills Rating System | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkLee, Shawna J.; Altschul, Inna; Gershoff, Elizabeth T. – Developmental Psychology, 2013
This study examines whether maternal warmth moderates the association between maternal use of spanking and increased child aggression between ages 1 and 5. Participants were 3,279 pairs of mothers and their children from a cohort study of urban families from 20 U.S. cities. Maternal spanking was assessed when the child was 1 year, 3 years, and 5…
Descriptors: Punishment, Discipline, Aggression, Parenting Styles
Chien, Nina C.; Mistry, Rashmita S. – Child Development, 2013
The effects of geographic variations in cost of living and family income on children's academic achievement and social competence in first grade (mean age = 86.9 months) were examined, mediated through material hardship, parental investments, family stress, and school resources. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten…
Descriptors: Geographic Location, Family Income, Economic Climate, Interpersonal Competence
