We examine how funding for public school facilities varies with school district property wealth and household income. Using data on school facility (i.e., capital) funding in California from fiscal years 1986-87 to 2015-16, we find that funding for school construction and modernization varies widely across districts. Disparities in funding are…

Public school buildings represent the second largest sector of public infrastructure spending in the United States after roads, and approximately 1 in 6 American children or adults spend every weekday in poorly maintained buildings. Many of the problems of school buildings face are not readily apparent on the surface. While issues such as chipped…

In November 2020, Duval County voters will decide on a half-penny sales tax to fund upgrades to public school buildings across the district. Revenue will be spent to improve public school buildings for traditional and charter schools. Following the 2020 passage of House Bill 7097, revenue from the sales tax will be allocated to charter school…

Thanks to quick actions on the part of federal, state and local leaders, North Carolina's public schools have been able to develop incredible innovations to meet the needs of children and families during COVID-19. As the transition from COVID relief to COVID recovery begins, the Public School Forum of NC recommends several actions that will…

This study is the first to empirically examine how school districts allocate resources in response to capital investment revenue from statewide penny sales taxes (called SAVE funds), and whether SAVE funds affect student outputs (i.e., educational achievement). We found evidence that school districts do not use SAVE funds to increase capital…

While most infrastructure discussions consider transportation, energy, and more, they too often ignore K-12 public schools, which welcome more than 50 million children and adults every day. K-12 public schools represent the nation's second-largest infrastructure sector. Schools are economic drivers, as well-prepared students will earn $1 million…

The availability of infrastructure and facilities that are up to the standards and well maintained will influence both teaching and learning of students. A progressive improvement in the standard of infrastructure of a secondary school will lead to a remarkable development in the education system as a whole. The purpose of this study was to…

Wisconsin school districts received more than $2 billion in one-time federal relief funds to address the effects of COVID-19 and boost student recovery and district finances. Early spending focused on educational technology to help students and schools adapt to virtual learning, while later spending focused on catching students up academically…

While there is much we can't predict, there are a few things we know for sure. We know that the population of the U.S. is growing and along with it the enrollment in our K-12 schools. We know that there is a growing need for an educated workforce, affecting the enrollment of colleges and universities nationwide. We know that there is an ongoing…

In January 2022, AASA, The School Superintendents Association, launched the second part of its multi-series survey focused on how district leaders across America are utilizing American Rescue Plan (ARP) funds to respond to the pandemic and in particular, address student learning recovery. Hundreds of superintendents responded to this survey, which…

The average public school building was built around 1968 -- more than 50 years ago -- and the National Center for Education Statistics reports that half of all public schools in the United States need at least one major facility repair. Mary Filardo, Jeffrey Vincent, and Kevin Sullivan explain how poorly maintained school buildings have a negative…

A 2014 study conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics within the U.S. Department of Education (ED) found that 53% of public elementary and secondary schools need to spend money on repairs, renovations, and modernizations to put their onsite buildings in good overall condition. The study estimated that the nationwide spending…

In July 2022, AASA, The School Superintendents Association, launched the third in a series of surveys detailing how district leaders across America are utilizing American Rescue Plan (ARP) funds to respond to the pandemic and in particular, address student learning recovery. Hundreds of superintendents responded to this survey. The July 2022 AASA…

School districts continue to face economic challenges as they evaluate the need to make improvements to support student learning. Public school buildings across the United States are in need of immediate repairs and renovations. In some cases, schools need to be rebuilt in order to meet the educational needs of students. As school districts…

In March 2020 one hundred and twenty-two billion in federal funding delivered through the American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act was intended to mitigate the harm caused by school closures during the pandemic and ensure the appropriate re-opening of schools across America to get students "back on track." Since July 2021, AASA, The School…