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Direct linkMargaret Burchinal; Robert Pianta; Arya Ansari; Jessica Whittaker; Virginia Vitiello – Grantee Submission, 2023
Pre-kindergarten (pre-k) is thought to have both direct and indirect effects on children's outcomes in early elementary school. Direct pre-k effects consistently include moderate to large gains in academic skills and sometimes include increases in problem behaviors that affect acquisition of skills in school. Indirect pre-k effects assume that…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Preschool Children, Kindergarten, Educational Experience
