Formal education in Iran, especially higher education, has been a means to smoothen the road to social mobility, provide good jobs, and boost people's earnings. Now, being a university graduate and remaining unemployed is regarded as a challenge. In addition, governments consider this new unemployment a threat to their legitimacy. It seems that…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of working women in a male-dominated country (Morocco) and unveil the unique challenges and everyday gender-bias they face, the psychological impact of the perceived gender-bias and, finally, identify a variety of coping strategies or combatting mechanisms affecting their motivation…

Individuals and communities occasionally need asking and giving forgiveness. Because the process of forgiving is not always well understood, it has become necessary to consider including forgiveness education in school pedagogy and in formal school programs such as Citizenship Education. This possibility is illustrated with examples from South…

A critical debate within the field of school psychology has centered on the relationship between bullying and cyberbullying in terms of prevalence, overlap, and impact. The current study sought to address the following questions: (1) Does cyberbullying create new victims or merely a new means of victimization? (2) Does cyberbullying uniquely…

This study examined the structural validity of the Schedule of Racist Events (SRE), a brief inventory that assesses the frequency and stressfulness of racism in the lives of African Americans. The original three-factor structure of the SRE was examined, along with an alternative structure that was designed to test whether the SRE captured types of…

Background: To investigate the level of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms, and background risk and protective factors that might increase or ameliorate this distress amongst unaccompanied asylum-seeking children and adolescents (UASC). Methods: Cross-sectional survey carried out in London. Participants were 78 UASC aged 13-18 years,…

Suggests behavioral criteria that can be used for assessing the status of self-concept and ego development in Erikson's last three psychosocial stages. Presents three tables of different behavioral expressions, each providing examples of possible behaviors and implicit attitudes related to positive and negative ego resolutions associated with last…

Suggests that chronic pain is a unique disability requiring the expansion of rehabilitation principles to include assessment and treatment. Identifies the components of pain, describes the impact of these factors on functional capacity, defines a process for rehabilitation planning, and reviews the literature for applications to rehabilitation…

Comrey Personality Scales (CPS) produce Factored Homogeneous Item Dimension scores for eight factors: trust/defensiveness; orderliness/lack of compulsion, social conformity/rebelliousness, activity/lack of energy, emotional stability/neuroticism, extraversion/introversion, mental toughness/sensitivity, and empathy/egocentrism. The CPS include…

If technology is the single most important factor in explaining the organization of modern societies, it is likewise the key to understanding the modern personality. The technological personality is the psychological counterpart to the technological society.Technology indirectly destroys the basis of a common morality and so leaves human…

Reports instance of mass suicide committed by seven members of local religious cult following leader's death in Japan in November 1986. Case is discussed from following viewpoints: (1) Japanese feudal form of suicide called Junshi; (2) religion and current social changes in Japanese society; and (3) destructive aspects of a cult. (Author)

This article addresses the benefits and problems in using adjective check list methodology to assess personality. Recent developments in this assessment method are reviewed, emphasizing seminal adjective-based personality tests (Gough's Adjective Check List), mood tests (Lubin's Depressive Adjective Test, Multiple Affect Adjective Check List),…

Presents patterns of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) to aid counselors in identifying and intervening in this chronic, cyclical disorder, which can be life-threatening to adolescents. Describes barriers to identifying adolescent PMS, explains how to recognize PMS in adolescents, and gives reasons that adolescents with PMS need mental health…

Addresses the problem of cruelty to animals from a research perspective. Studies of possible causes of childhood cruelty to animals are reviewed and common contributing environmental factors are identified. Implications for educators are discussed and directives for detection and prevention of cruelty are suggested. (ML)

Suggests that goal setting and goal achievement are important predictors of success. Some of the necessary ingredients are desire, imagination, concentration, and discipline. Goals must be identified, categorized into short-range and long-range goals, and backed by contingency plans. (JAC)