Knowing how teachers' creativity can help them regulate their emotions is critical. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of creativity in how novice and experienced English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers regulate their emotions in their classes. To such end, a descriptive narrative design was used through which we conducted a…

Language teachers tolerated major challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. In such stressful teaching environments, Language Teacher Immunity (LTI) was introduced to function as a protective armor. This study explored the potential contributions of teacher occupational stress, foreign language teaching enjoyment, and teaching experience to LTI…

In Iran, a large number of adolescents compete every year to enter university, given the better job opportunities that may exist after graduation. The hope of having more education affects students' academic engagement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between academic hope and academic engagement with the mediating…

This study aimed to explore English language teachers' vulnerability and identity negotiation in relation to self-branding on social media. It focused on 15 Iranian teachers' experiences in teaching and self-promotion on Instagram through narrative frames and follow-up interviews. The analysis of the teacher narratives demonstrated that the new…

Although boredom has been the subject of increasing scrutiny in second language (L2) learning recently, very little is known about how this emotion can affect teachers and students involved in COVID-19 prompted online English education. To address this gap, through maximum variation sampling, this qualitative study surveyed the opinions of 34…

This study utilized a cross-sectional survey design to investigate the influence of teacher emotional labor on organizational commitment, emphasizing the mediating role of psychological capital. The research involved 400 primary school teachers from Tehran, Iran's capital. A combination of stratified and systematic random sampling methods was…

In this study we used a factor of curves model (FCM) to examine the co-development of the subdomains of boredom in practical English language classes in an online setting (BPELC) over time in four phases of an online L2 course to explore the covariance of the initial level and slope of the sub-domains, as well as to check to what extent the…

This study examined the relationship among foreign language enjoyment (FLE), second language L2 grit, online learning self-efficacy (OLSE), and online learning engagement among Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The study involved 578 Iranian EFL learners who completed self-report measures of the four constructs. Confirmatory…

Today, numerous countries utilize unified methods and systematic standardized examinations such as national examinations as formal procedures to select qualified applicants for admission to higher education institutions since higher education is viewed as the major path and criterion to upward mobility. In Iran, the university entrance examination…

This study investigated the co-development of the ideal L2 writing self, writing enjoyment, and writing anxiety over time, as well as their predictive role in L2 writing achievement, using latent growth curve modeling (LGCM). A total of 145 EFL students in an IELTS writing course completed scales for these constructs across four one-month…

Parental reflective functioning (PRF) is considered to be a key factor in the development of emotion regulation in children, which in turn plays an important role in their psychosocial functioning. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of children's emotion regulation in the relationship between parental reflective functioning and…

Shame is a significant factor for psychological problems in adolescents. The present study aims to assess the Persian version of the Adolescent Shame-Proneness Scale (ASPS) among Iranian adolescents. Participants of this correlation study were 2291 high school students aged 12-18 (1296 girls and 1036 boys), selected through a multistage random…

During the last decade, the slogan of reflective teaching has been embraced by teachers, teachers' educators, and educational teachers worldwide. This international movement in teaching and teacher education that has developed under the banner of reflection can be seen as a reaction against the view of teachers as technicians who narrowly construe…

The present research used a longitudinal framework to test a model of willingness to communicate (L2WTC), informal digital learning of English (IDLE), and foreign language boredom (FLB) in learning English as a foreign language among 325 Iranian university students attending a course in general English for 4 months via a latent change score…

Well-being can play a vital role in a student's trait emotional intelligence (EI) and emotion regulation that indirectly results in successful learning, rarely investigated in a second language (L2) context. The current research examined the role of well-being manifestations (i.e., hedonic and eudaimonic orientations) in L2 trait EI and emotion…