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Sumpter, Lovisa; Sollerman, Samuel – International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2023
This paper targets patterns of expressed emotional directions towards mathematics. By using TIMSS data and recoding two of the instruments, we compared responses from the same student cohort in Grade 4 (11 years old) and Grade 8 (15 years old) in Sweden. Two hypotheses were tested: negative emotions including negative motivations increase with…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Grade 4, Elementary School Students, Grade 8