From an outline of the recent history of the psychology of language the author proceeds to discuss research that has been done recently in psycholinguistics. These studies fall within the following areas: (1) "The Study of Grammar as a Psychological Process," (2) "How We Remember Sentences," (3) "What We Do When We Listen," (4) "The Perceptual Basis for Some Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Properties," and (6) "Implications for Machine Implementation of Language and Other Behavioral Systems." Most of the studies are oriented towards the relation between current transformational grammar and speech behavior. Twenty-one of the experiments reported have not been published before. Each of the new experiments included was run on at least 20 subjects, and the discussed results are significant at least at the .05 level (generally the significance level is higher). (DO)