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Ralph Renger; Elias Samuels; Jessica Renger; Ellen Champagne – American Journal of Evaluation, 2025
This article presents the Renger System Test (RST) as a method for assessing whether a system evaluation approach is suitable for evaluating complex interventions. The RST has three criteria: (1) the intervention includes multiple components, (2) these components operate interdependently, and (3) their interdependence produces an outcome that no…
Descriptors: Program Evaluation, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Criteria, Systems Approach
Salah Eddine Bouyousfi; Miché Ouedraogo – American Journal of Evaluation, 2025
The use of complexity-based evaluation methods remains relatively underexplored in the field of evaluation. While increasingly employed to assess complex interventions, Contribution Analysis (CA) continues to suffer from a lack of operationalization. In this article, we propose enhancing the implementation of CA by leveraging Participatory Systems…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Intervention, Difficulty Level, Systems Approach

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