Participation in higher education affords low-income students with a pathway out of poverty. The federally funded Upward Bound program aims to improve the college-going rate of low-income and first-generation students. Relevant studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the program. There is a gap in the research regarding whether some types or properties of certain Upward Bound programs are more effective in meeting programmatic objectives than others. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the different summer program models utilized by Upward Bound programs. The data for this quantitative study was the Annual Performance Report results of Central Appalachian Upward Bound programs during the 2017-2022 grant cycle. ANOVA tests conducted for objectives one, three, and six indicated that there is no significant effect of summer program type on these three objectives. ANOVA tests conducted for objectives two, four, and five found that summer program type significantly impacts performance data on these three objectives. These findings indicate that the success of Central Appalachian Upward Bound students is greater when their program utilizes a non-residential summer program model. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]