Purpose: This paper aims to examine how gamification components affect training outcomes through intrinsic or extrinsic motivation (IM and EM), drawing on the self-determination motivation theory. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, survey method has been used to analyse the hypotheses and objective of the research. A total of 260 surveys…

We examined the use and effectiveness of an incentive system--one of the five elements of a theory-based motivational architecture in educational games that we proposed--in a computer-based physics game on students' learning and performance. The incentive system's purpose was to motivate students to access learning supports designed to facilitate…

The education system has existed for centuries. However, despite the rapid change in our technology, lifestyle and needs in the workforce, it has failed to adapt accordingly. The current system relies heavily on industrial-age values where students are expected to follow instructions and are stripped of their agency rather than being encouraged to…