Efficiency and effectiveness are defined and their potential use is examined in simple examples. It is argued that it is important to distinguish between the two and to measure components of educational processes rather than apply global values that are descriptive of courses and departments. (MSE)

A study examined Ghana's official response to criticism of university efficiency, a budgeting system intended to reform funding mechanisms. Analysis revealed that the new policy resulted in an input-based model that neglected outcome measures, potentially causing reduced, rather than enhanced, efficiency. Lessons learned and implications for both…