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Crawford, Michael F.; Rutkowski, David; Rutkowski, Leslie – World Bank, 2023
This paper provides results from the randomized control trial project, Promoting Development and Home Reading of Supplementary Texts for Young Readers in Cambodia. One control and three treatment groups were assessed on how literacy and reading habits changed when households were provided a variety of high-quality and low-cost early reading…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Grade 1, Grade 2
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Rutkowski, David; Rutkowski, Leslie – Comparative Education Review, 2021
With the aim of developing an assessment more appropriate for low-income countries, in 2013 the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development initiated the Programme for International Student Assessment for Development (PISA-D). Designed as a one-off assessment project resulting in scores comparable to PISA, nine countries joined the…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, International Assessment, Secondary School Students