The participatory learning and action: PLA was the process used for empowering in this program. This process has four steps: 1) create awareness, 2) specify problems or needs, 3) act and 4) present and reflect or monitor. The purposes of this study were: 1) to investigate the conditions of communities in terms of context and problems or needs in…

This study examined the need for and availability of child care for infants and children through the first six grades in the Glendale, California area in 1989. A total of 46 center-based providers were sent a Child Care Provider Survey that focused on: (1) number of full- and part-time child care spaces at the center; (2) ages of the children…