This paper is designed to acquaint the outdoor professional with the risk management decision making process required for the operation and management of outdoor adventure activities. The document examines the programming implications of fear in adventure activities; the risk management process in adventure programming; a definition of an…

Presents six components to consider when planning interpretive walks: purpose, planning, preparation, preview, performance, and post-mortem. Emphasizes aspects of planning: audience identification and content, medium, and site selection. Indicates these concepts are also useful in planning slide talks, demonstrations, and workshops. (NEC)

Highlights what camp directors and program staff can do to establish a camp nature program. Emphasizes administrator commitment to the program, suitable facilities, campwide environmental awareness, staff enthusiasm, a hands-on approach, and a wide variety of activities. Provides suggestions for recruiting and hiring a nature counselor. (KS)

Blending traditional programming with new ideas is the key to retention of adolescent campers. Options include increasing program opportunities along with the age of the camper and offering programs outside of camp such as biking, golf, and sports clinics. Equally important are hiring effective teachers and maintaining quality facilities. (LP)

The Air Force outdoor recreation program evolved from the Army "rest and recreation" areas set up during World War II. During the last decade, financial pressures and eroding support for recreation programs forced a reexamination of the objectives of such programs. Starting with the premise that the Air Force was the main customer and…

Advocates of parks and recreation must face the challenge of seeing beyond traditional boundaries, embracing new alliances, and translating hopes into actions. Vision, strategy, and grassroots strength and strong leadership skills are critical to the future of parks and recreation. (CJ)

Team tennis programs offer campers an equal chance to share the responsibilities and excitement of team competition, fostering feelings of self-esteem that can lead to remarkable changes in behavior. Recommendations cover organization of a team tennis program, conducting matches, and program adaptations for special circumstances. (LP)

Discusses the benefits of outdoor nature-oriented activities for very old, frail elderly, and institutionalized elderly persons with regard to exercising to increase mobility, spiritual development, sensory stimulation, and social interaction. A study of elderly participants in a "back to nature" experience suggests that modified camping…

Twelve of the papers of the 30 presented at this symposium are included in this publication: (1)"Toward a Higher State of Being" (Daniel L. Dustin); (2) "Parklands and Wilderness: An International Perspective" (Larry Beck); (3) "Selection Criteria for Outdoor Recreation Equipment" (John Cedarquist); (4) "Risk Management in Parks and Recreation:…

The training manual for use with personnel concerned with outdoor education for the handicapped provides a guide to program development in the areas of background knowledge, skills and methods of outdoor education, individualized planning, and program evaluation. The five units are titled: "Defining,""Introducing,""Individualizing,""Implementing,"…

The objectives of the reported conference were: 1) to determine what significant changes are occurring in campground management; 2) to view demonstration campground areas and discuss related information dissemination efforts; 3) to determine what campground research is presently underway, and whether more is needed; and, 4) to determine possible…

Summer Leisure in the Park is a cooperative outdoor day camp for senior citizens that enables nursing home residents to socialize and enjoy a variety of activities in a park environment. Components of this program are described. (DF)

Offers ideas and guidelines on how to manage crisis before and after it occurs in camp setting. Lists types of possible crises, detailing one actual incident. Explores broad issues and techniques of crisis management. Emphasizes value of planning for crisis management and risk management (crisis prevention). (TES)

The legal risks taken by an institution in sponsoring outdoor activities are discussed, drawing on decisions in court litigation. Topics addressed include negligence, degree of risk, spectator safety, athlete safety, release forms, and immunity. The role of adequate precautionary measures is emphasized. (MSE)

Describes ways to incorporate boardsailing into a camping program. Outlines factors such as size of body of water, wind consistency, water temperature, appropriate supervision/instruction, swim tests, and boards. (LFL)