Cost-effectiveness is both a powerful and an often misused technique for analysis. In order to help the educational planner with his problems in achieving a more effective use of educational resources, this paper proposed a method of analysis which is called resource effectiveness. In order for a program to be evaluated properly, both the…

A conceptual design is presented for a planning, programming, budgeting system (PPBS), which provides the information necessary for--(1) planning educational programs that will meet the needs of the community, and (2) choosing among the alternative ways in which a school district can allocate resources to achieve its goals and objectives. The PPBS…

Good methods for assessing the comparative costs of various types of academic programs are badly needed. This report briefly describes a method for doing this used in 1970 at the University of South Florida. The method described has limitations, since the data are based on non-personnel costs only. A more useful analysis would be based on total…

Planning, Programming, and Budgeting Systems (PPBS) are increasingly mentioned as effective means for improving the management of educational resources in institutions of higher education. PPBS has several advantages over conventional accounting systems, which still would be needed for day to day operations. First, it relates cost to output;…

A BROAD STUDY WAS CONDUCTED OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL PROCEDURES AND COSTS OF THE NEWER MEDIA PREPARED FOR COURSE INSTRUCTION AT MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. DETAILS OF THE STUDY WERE PRESENTED IN TWO SEMINAR PAPERS THAT WERE PRESENTED AS DISSEMINATION REPORTS IN 1965 AT THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATION IN CHICAGO,…

This document reviews Federal and State school food programs, discusses financial problems caused by rising costs, and recommends processes and techniques that will assist school officials in management processes such as PPBS and systems analysis. The document also presents ways to best allocate limited resources, and examines future funding…

The Oregon Planning-Programming-Budgeting-Systems Institute, which was held August 19 through 30, 1968, was one of three such institutes financed by the U.S. Office of Education, Bureau of Vocational Education. It was designed to acquaint State level vocational education administrators with the potential and workings of planning, programming,…

The purpose of the paper is to define for potential users of vocational education management information systems a quantitative analysis technique and its utilization to facilitate more effective planning of vocational education programs. Defining linear programming (LP) as a management technique used to solve complex resource allocation problems…

The planning, programming, budgeting system (PPBS) is an instrument to help policy-makers assign priorities and allocate resources. It does not seek to computerize what is essentially a political process, nor is it intended that the statisticians and cost accountants take over functions that properly belong to the political decision-maker. PPBS is…

The six papers in this publication discuss how reasonable planning processes can be established and how budgeting procedures can be related to the wider planning process. In the first selection, K. George Pedersen establishes the current context of educational planning and decisionmaking with emphasis on economic implications, and he outlines…

Program budgeting is described as a means of enabling higher education to respond effectively to three major accountability concerns. They are (1) the long-term financial implications of a particular programmatic or policy decision, (2) determination of what is being paid for, and (3) understanding that the price being paid for a program is…

The major purpose of this report is to describe the strategy utilized in the West Virginia State Department of Education to overcome barriers to educational change in an organizational setting. The first part of the report describes two interventions, disposable organization (an ad hoc institution temporarily assembled to solve specific short-term…

This publication explains in detail the money allocations according to program areas. A total realignment from the traditional line-item school budget, this budget follows both the instructional and noninstructional support program areas, each of which is described in the introductory statements. In addition, the budget represents the output of a…