Adult educators (n=226) recalled incidents of power and influence behaviors in designing and planning programs. Cluster analysis identified four behaviors: shotgun, tactician, ingratiator, and bystander. These power and influence styles related to organizational contexts. Planners' personal characteristics did not affect choice of style. (SK)

A two-week workshop was held by the United Nations Children Fund and the World Health Organization for planners of training in primary health care (PHC) to increase their ability to plan effectively for PHC training. The emphasis was on placing training within the national context and ensuring that people would be trained to meet national goals.…

Adult education program development often takes either a positivist/functional or subjective/empowerment approach. From the tacit process and concepts used by experienced programmers emerge questions to guide development: Which conceptual model underlies one's approach to needs assessment? What are needs? Whose needs are assessed? and How are…

Reports on the educational activities of the Union of Social Democratic Women's Clubs during the early years of its existence between 1905 and 1925. The development of the Union and its constitutent clubs is examined against the background of social and economic change in the Netherlands. (Author/CT)

Contrasts two models of adult education program planning: (1) the technical rational model, which asserts that planning is rational application of decision-making processes; and (2) the political model, which views planning as negotiation of personal and organizational interests. Finds a place for both political sensitivity and technical…

This article starts with a discussion of the concept of social commitment, including an attempt at clarification. The concept is then classified according to whether adult education is individually or collectively oriented, and whether it is opposing the social order or not. (CT)

Explains why two concepts in the delivery of continuing professional education (CPE)--program planning and andragogy--are inadequate, and proposes a reconceptualization of CPE and a reexamination of theory and practice in adult education. (Availability: Falmer Press, Falmer House, Barcombe, Nr Lewes, East Sussex BN8 5DL, UK.) (SK)

Discusses the importance of the development of education for the trade union leadership and rank and file; the purposes of workers' education in Zambia and its social and economic context; and its development in terms of programs, providers, learners, curricula, critical issues, and future plans. (JOW)

Following a brief section on definitions of politics, political systems, and educational policy, the article reviews major systems for thinking specifically about adult learning: continuing, recurrent and nonformal education, and lifelong learning as related but distinct concepts, and the question of central control by national government.…

Examines Nigeria's National Policy on Education guidelines, specifically focusing on science and technological education. Discusses the development of vocational and technical schools, transfer of technology, and the role of research institutes. Recommendations are made concerning academic survival skills, respect for manual skills, improved…