Access to early childhood education has increased over the last two decades, with global enrolment rates showing gender parity in access among boys and girls. Despite this gender parity in access, the pre-primary education system does not always deliver on its potential to tackle gender inequities and address harmful gender stereotypes while they…

In this era of higher student enrollment coupled with budget cuts, some school library professionals are considering retirement, while others are standing up to defend the profession they know has a strong positive impact on student learning. Many school librarians who weather difficulties do so by choosing to find energy in the challenges of…

The economic downturn of the past few years has taken a toll on state budgets for elementary and secondary education. The $100 billion for education provided by the American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA), better known as the economic stimulus package, helped to blunt some of the harshest effects, but these funds have been nearly depleted.…

As state governors grapple with their budgets for 2012, public universities and colleges are facing some of the deepest funding cuts in memory. To make matters worse, most of the federal stimulus funds, which have helped dull the pain so far, will have been spent by June. It seems almost inevitable that IT departments are going to be asked to…

Ohio has made tremendous strides in education reform over the past half year. Yet even regarding these accomplishments, the work is not done. Virtually all of the state's recent education policy changes come with implementation challenges and sustainability concerns. This paper presents a list that offers praise for the positive changes Ohio has…

This report summarizes the roundtable "Infants and Toddlers in State and Federal Budgets: Yesterday's Choices, Today's Decisions, Tomorrow's Options" conducted by the Urban Institute, with support from the A.L. Mailman Family Foundation, on March 30, 2009. The roundtable's focus grew out of the widely perceived mismatch between sharply limited…

Proposition 49, which voters passed in 2002, guaranteed more than a three-fold increase in state funding for after school programs, although rollout was dependent on the state budget meeting specific conditions. In 2006-07, the budget met those conditions and the legislation implementing the proposition was passed. Subsequently, an additional $550…

Steps taken to alleviate financial problems in Los Angeles county created by Proposition 13 are described. (JD)

Rapidly developing online information technologies provide dramatically new capabilities and opportunities, and place new responsibilities on all involved to recreate networks for scholarly communication. Collaborations between all segments of the information network are made possible and necessary as we attempt to find a balanced and mutually…

In the past, organizations have had problems during the implementation phase of Program Planning Budgeting Systems (PPBS). Under the approach developed by the Educational Management Development Center (EMDEC), several school systems develop similar PPB systems, with EMDEC as the coordinating hub. District personnel are first familiarized with the…

The object of this practicum was to help the small North Smithfield (Rhode Island) School System convert its budgetary procedures from a traditional Function/Object Budget to a Planning, Programing, Budgeting System (PPBS) format. The practicum effort incorporated an inservice training component for key staff members, plus a cooperative effort…

The REP contract with the National Institute of Education was through November 30, 1975. Under the contract terms the REP was to develop a set of RFD Strategies to strengthen the problem-solving capacities of rural school systems, communities, classrooms, and families. Defined as community, school, learner, support agency, and family centered,…

This newsletter summarizes the debate on the use of state-level initiatives as levers to effect fundamental changes in higher education. It provides several perspectives on the use of incentive/enhancement programs to achieve state higher education goals. The concept of budgetary leverage is outlined, and the growth in enhancement programs…

This manual was prepared by the Indiana State Department of Public Instruction to present an overall description and explanation of the Planning, Program, Budget System (PPBS) for schools. The manual is intended to provide Indiana educators with a common base of information as the first step toward statewide implementation of PPBS by July 1, 1977.…

The school-community process is a system that brings citizens and educators together to help solve school problems and plan educational improvement. This handbook describes that process and how it can foster a three-way partnership among local, regional, and state education agencies. Some of the topics covered include planning for change,…