The ways in which students in grades five and six solve problems is the focus of this paper, which provides background for the staff of the Skills Essential to Learning Television Project, (a multi-level series of video and print resources for classroom use). It considers the problem-solving process categories of understanding, transformation, and…

Presented are four information bulletins produced by the ERIC Clearinghouse for Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education in 1981. Bulletin 1 is concerned with various pieces of information related to citizen participation activities in which citizens interact with each other to get a response from the government regarding governmental…

These modules develop two prevalent explanations among political scientists of who gets what in the budgetary process. Specifically, the problem of how an agency's level of appropriations changes over time is addressed. It is noted that budgeting is a political process in the classic sense, in that it elicits and embodies patterns of conflict and…

This module is designed for students with a high school algebra background. The goal is to present the elements of the group idea, primarily by way of a geometric model, and to see its application to the study of kinship relations within certain human groups. The material opens with a presentation of clans in a hypothetical society in an early…

One of the great strengths of mathematics is viewed as the fact that apparently diverse real-world questions translate into that same mathematical question. It is felt that studying a mathematical problem can often bring about a tool of surprisingly diverse usability. The module is geared to help users know how to use graph theory to model simple…

This unit considers the application of calculus in determining price discrimination and consumer surplus in a competitive market. Producer surplus and two-tier price discrimination are also developed in problems. It is noted that calculus cannot usually provide numerical answers for practical economic problems. The importance of calculus…

An experienced second grade teacher participated in three two-hour planning sessions in which she planned for the course of instruction for the school year in mathematics, science, and writing. The teacher "thought aloud" as she planned, and two researchers present took written notes. In general, her yearly planning was aimed at setting…

To determine the effectiveness of mathematical vocabulary training on the problem solving ability of third and fourth grade students, 66 students were placed into either an experimental or a control group. All were pretested and posttested with an experimental mathematics vocabulary test and with a standardized mathematics test. Mathematical…

This paper, presented at the 1979 meeting of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), investigates the relationship between self-assessment of knowledge and performance, and mathematical aptitude. One hundred college students (51 females, 49 males) participated. Participants, grouped according to mathematical aptitude, were…

A BOOKLET DESIGNED FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS TO BE USED INDEPENDENTLY FROM AND IN ADDITION TO THE REGULAR CLASSROOM CURRICULUM IN MATHEMATICS IS PRESENTED. THE PURPOSE IS TO TEACH THE FIFTH- OR SIXTH-GRADE STUDENT TO USE GOOD JUDGMENT AND REASONING IN LOCATING THE DECIMAL POINT. A DISCUSSION OF THE PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE OF BEING ABLE,…

IT IS THE EXPRESSED HOPE OF THE AUTHORS THAT THE PRACTICES DESCRIBED HERE WILL STIMULATE READER MODIFICATIONS OF THE MATERIAL PRESENTED, FOR EFFECTIVENESS IN ANY SCHOOL SITUATION. THE BOOK PRESENTS METHODS, PROCEDURES, AND TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING CRITICAL THINKING IN JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL. CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM SOLVING, USED…

IT IS HELD THAT THE ESSENCE OF EDUCATION IS FOUND PRIMARILY IN THE PROCESSES OF ACQUIRING AND USING KNOWLEDGE, AND SECONDARILY IN THE COMMAND OF BODIES OF INFORMATION AND IDEAS. THE FOUR "PROCESS GOALS" WHICH APPLY TO ANY DISCIPLINE ARE--TOOL SKILLS SUCH AS ARITHMETIC AND READING, PROBLEM-SOLVING, THINKING, OR INQUIRY, SELF-INSTRUCTION, AND…

Implementation of an adaptive achievement test for teaching signed-numbers operations to junior high students is described. A computer program capable of finding 240 basic errors in signed-number computations was written on the PLATO system and used for analyzing a 64-item conventional test, as well as an adaptive test of addition problems. The…

Forty-three first-grade children, who had received no formal instruction in addition and subtraction, were individually administered 20 problems that could be solved using addition or subtraction. The problems were selected to represent the following semantic types: joining, separating, part-part-whole, comparison, and equalizing. Responses were…

This paper provides a thorough description of a method of analyzing and scoring group discussions from a particular point of view. After discussing shortcomings of traditional methods of reporting data from group discussions and problems inherent in the use of paper-and-pencil creativity tests, the author describes a method which was developed as…