Early information processing strategies were examined in a study of 32 young children's search for objects. Results suggested a distinction between two aspects of the development of search: the acquisition of new search skills and the establishment of appropriate priorities among skills already in the child's repertoire. (Author/MP)

Proposes a three-level model of cognitive processing to account for complex monitoring when individuals are faced with ill-structured problems (i.e., problems on which opposing or contradictory evidence and opinion exists). (Author/RH)

The cognitive processes of seven children solving arithmetic problems were accurately classified as reconstructive or reproductive according to the child's verbal report of his thought processes. Classifications of thought processes by means of verbal reports can also be used to improve the analysis of latencies. (SB)

A discrimination reversal problem was presented to 192 children varying in age from 3 to 5 years. At the end of both the initial learning and transfer trials, probe trials were introduced to ascertain the response rule describing children's choices. (Author/SB)

A total of 82 fourth and fifth graders participated in a 15-week intervention program during which they confronted problems requiring formal operational thought. Subjects showed advancement toward formal operations on the pendulum and chemicals problems (Inhelder and Piaget) and on a third problem on immediate and 4-month posttests. (Author/JH)

Advocates communicating the conventional wisdom about teaching to researchers so we can reduce the amount of trivial research that is conducted. (HOD)

Analyzes the problem-solving process and presents the dominance of the conjecture or theoretical aspect as a subtle relation between the data and the conjecture. Argues that conjectures are not necessarily subordinate to the data but play active roles in mathematical problem solving. Discusses the meaning of this dominance in the context of…

Investigates students' use of imagery in their mathematical activities. Findings indicate that image forming is crucial in doing mathematics. A student who fails to construct an image in a problem-solving situation is severely limited in giving meaning to the situation. Contains 21 references. (JRH)

Microanalysis of problem-solving activities of 10 learning-disabled and 10 normally achieving children (ages 10-12) found that, although normally achieving subjects reached more sophisticated levels of strategy use, there was no evidence that the learning-disabled subjects were inactive, passive, or maladaptive in their problem-solving attempts.…

That reflectiveness was directly related to creative problem-solving was tested in two experiments with 58 college students solving induction problems by conventional or unconventional rules. Extremely reflective or extremely impulsive students on conventional problems performed worse on the unconventional problems than did those moderately…

Investigated problem- and solution-related activity of (n=28) fourth and fifth graders in ill-defined and open-ended settings. In the course of their negotiations, students demonstrated an uncanny competence to frame and reframe problems and solutions and to decide courses of actions of different complexities in spite of the ambiguous nature of…

Used recent technology for assessment of creativity to examine association between problem solving and suicide ideation among 81 college students who completed three kinds of problem-finding and problem-solving tasks. Found that problem generation scores were significantly correlated with suicide ideation, even after stress was statistically…

Presents a case study with two objectives: (1) the identification of the interactions between pairs of 16- and 17-year-old students related to problem solving, and (2) the influence of such interactions in their cognitive development. Concludes that the interactions significantly influenced the individual development of cognitive and heuristic…