This document contains the third volume of the proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Inclusion and Diversity". A total of 65 research reports are presented here: (1) A Teacher's Model of Students Algebraic Thinking…

Designed to help stimulate the development of thinking skills in children of varying abilities and to review basic skills at all elementary grade levels, this book contains 153 "ready-to-go" classroom activities. Included are "total-group,""partner," and "individual" activities. Activities in the book are…

Collaborative action research partnerships create rich opportunities for the professional development of teachers and classroom reform. This paper reports results from two action research projects. The first was a collaboration between the author and a seventh-grade mathematics teacher who wanted to change his mathematics teaching in an effort to…

This book reinforces the outstanding work done by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) in developing curriculum standards for students in kindergarten through fourth grade by discussing the 13 strands of mathematics and their implications for teachers and parents who work with students. It also provides some suggested resources…

This book contains activities designed to help teachers enrich the mathematical experiences of all children and reach toward fulfillment of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Standards. Chapters include: (1) "Prenumber, Number, Non-Number"; (2) "Place Value"; (3) "Addition, Subtraction"; (4)…

The United States Military Academy leads a consortium of 12 schools located throughout the country in an effort to improve educational culture through the enhancement of interdisciplinary cooperation and coordination. The primary activity of this program is the development and use of Interdisciplinary Lively Application Projects (ILAPs), the goals…

This study is part of a longitudinal study of 22 elementary school children observed over a 3-year time span in the classroom and in individual task-based interviews. Through the examination of videotaped structured clinical interviews of Marcia, the first in 1992 when she was 9 years old (4th-grade), this study seeks to draw inferences about her…

The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of a process approach for the teaching of algebra with a heterogeneous class of eighth-grade students. The assessment was conducted by identifying the processes used by above-average, average, and below-average algebra students in solving standard and nonstandard problems ranging…

This paper outlines a theoretical perspective for studying student understandings of the concept of addition. The notion of operational sense is defined as a way to describe the notion of addition as a mathematical object, paving the way for an application of the theory of reification at this level. Previous frameworks relative to problem solving…

The SMART (Summer Migrants Access Resources through Technology) project provides Texas migrant students with supplemental instruction using a multi-media, nontraditional approach. Migrant students who remain in Texas during the summer are taught in their homes or other sites via televised instruction with additional instructional support from…

This paper describes three methods that can be utilized in teaching for meaning in mathematics. These three methods are based on learning theories. Although there may not be consensus of what constitutes meaningful learning in the study of mathematics, there are problems with meaningless mathematics that are widely agreed upon by educators.…

This publication is designed to educate high school students about the problems and challenges of transportation. The parent project was conceived as a mathematics curriculum project but developed into an interdisciplinary project to ensure that students would become well informed regarding the transportation decisions they make. In the activities…

A study of the cognitive style characteristics of marketing education students focused on reasoning and problem solving. Field dependence theory measured particular cognitive styles in secondary school marketing education classrooms and estimated implications for reasoning and problem-solving behavior among currently enrolled students. The study…

This study investigated junior high school students' use of problem-solving heuristics and metacognitive processes and the relationships that might exist between the students' use of these processes and their cognitive style. Using a computer microworld called "Nimbot" based on the ancient game of Nim, 10 seventh- and eighth-grade…

This book is one in a series of teacher resource books developed to: (1) rescue students from the clutches of computers that drill and control; and (2) supply teachers with computer activities compatible with a mathematics program that emphasizes investigation, problem solving, creativity, and hypothesis making and testing. This is not a book…