This is the second in a series of articles on using mathematical techniques from history to provide an interesting way for middle graders to practice math. (Editor)

Children's mental performance was studied in the context of arithmetic word problem solution. Response latency and error data indicated subtraction was more difficult than addition. Understanding children's problem solutions in terms of flexible strategy use and the fact that many errors have a systematic basis are important in studying children's…

GED "Scoreboost" materials target exactly the skills one needs to pass the General Educational Development (GED) tests. This book focuses on the GED Mathematics test. To prepare for the test, the test taker needs to learn skills in number and operation sense, data and statistics, geometry and measurement, and algebra. To pass the test,…

This paper explores the role of diagrams in a specific problem solving process. Two types of tests were administered to 194, 12 year old students, each of which consisted of six non-routine problems that could be solved with the use of a diagram. In Test A students were asked to respond to the problems in any way they wished whereas in Test B…

In the present study, we assert that pictures serve four functions in problem solving: decorative, representational, organizational and informational. We, therefore, investigate the effects of pictures based on their functions in mathematical problem solving (MPS), by high achievement students of Grade 6 in Cyprus, in a communication setting. A…

After conducting several studies on young students' understanding of particular concepts before, during, and after instruction, this paper focuses on the two small scale and several informal teaching experiments based on the idea that the teacher should pose problems to students for which they do not yet have a routine solution method available,…

This report considers the reasoning of sixth grade students as they explore problem tasks concerning the fairness of dice games. The particular focus is the students' interactions, verbal and non-verbal, as they build and justify representations that extend their basic understanding of number combinations in order to model the outcome set of a…

This document, described as both a "research report" and the seventh item in a series dealing periodically with various educational issues, contains six articles discussing diverse educational topics. Papers include: (1) "Problem Posing in Mathematics Education" (Andras Ambrus); (2) "Cooperating Teachers and Their Role in…

Grade nine students (n=116) were assigned to five different algebra word problem test versions: textbook, student, pictorial, textbook plus pictorial, and student plus pictorial versions. Analysis by IQ levels yielded results different from those obtained in previous studies. (JP)

The article critiqued is contained in the "Journal for Research in Mathematics Education," volume 4, 1973, pages 6-19. (JP)

A selection of definitions and word problems found in an 1824 algebra textbook. (DT)

Presents results of action research which had the goal of producing concepts and topics that would permit students to get creatively engaged in mathematical analysis and problem solving. The method used, called Turtle Geometry,'' is concerned with programming a moving point to generate geometric forms. (DT)

Presents procedures, results, and conclusions of a research study designed to determine whether providing knowledge of results after each response on an arithmetic exercise would result in performance different from that obtained when knowledge of results is provided following completion of the exercise. The subjects were three fourth grade…