This study was designed to replicate and extend the work of Steffe on the effect of using different set names as variables in addition problem statements. The behavior of both first- and second-grade students was studied and the usefulness of visual aids in solving addition problems was also investigated. One-hundred twenty first- and second-grade…

A study was undertaken of the effects of formal education and conservation of numerousness on addition and subtraction problem types. Thirty-six kindergarten and 36 first-grade subjects randomly selected from one area of a school district were administered measures of conservation, problem-solving success, and modeling ability. Following factor…

Effects of strategy instructions on the problem-solving performance of junior high school algebra students was investigated in two experiments. In the first experiment, three groups of students were instructed to solve algebra problems using a backward, forward, or mixed directon of search. The pattern of solution times and errors indicated that…

This volume, a part of the Elements of Mathematics Program (EM), contains 200 problems which require no special training beyond elementary mathematics, but often careful analysis and some ingenuity. The statements of some problems involve functional notation, but most are stated either in prose or prose accompanied by illustrations. Problems are…

Intended to be used in conjunction with a traditional curriculum, this book demonstrates the use of the computer, especially the on-line, interactive type of computer, to solve a variety of problems studied in secondary school mathematics. Each chapter presents several problems, and each problem introduces one or two concepts that must be…

Reported is research related to the use of Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) drill-and-practice systems in the elementary schools. The investigators attempted to determine the variables related to problem difficulty by analyzing the solutions of a problem series. Students were first taught the mechanics of utilizing a computer-based teletype to…

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between a fourth-grade child's impulsive-reflective response style and two aspects of his problem-solving ability--the ability to select the proper arithmetic operation in a verbal arithmetic problem and the ability to estimate. The entire fourth-grade enrollment of three schools took the…

Reported are the results of an investigation of the effects of programing a computer in a seventh grade mathematics class. Two treatments were conducted during two successive years. The students in the treatment group used the programing language BASIC to write computer algorithms following supplemental instruction. The mathematical content was…

This series of four text-workbooks was designed for tenth grade mathematics students who have exhibited lack of problem-solving skills. Electric desk calculators are to be used with the text. In the first five chapters of the series, students learn how to use the machine while reviewing basic operations with whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and…

Several activities are described for students at different elementary grade levels. Some involve estimation of quantities, and others include reasoning about permutations and combinations. (SD)

The last 13 of 32 exercises of a course designed to give a wide range of skills in deductive, inductive, and indirect methods of proof in geometry are presented. (MP)

Children attempted a division problem in one of four distraction settings: minimal, situational, color-attribute, or spatial-numerical. The effects of both grade level and distraction setting in problem-solving performance were highly significant, with children who used a manipulative approach being more prone to distraction than those using a…

Three activities which provide experience in writing and solving original story problems are described. (JT)

This paper traces the historical attention problem solving has received as a major curriculum goal from the Dewey School of 1896 to the 1970's. (MN)

The process of designing a learning system for an undergraduate business course in problem solving is described. The system includes pre-testing, problem solving strategies, providing practice and evaluating systems performance. (MN)