This paper contributes to accumulating the knowledge base about prospective elementary school teachers' (PTs') understanding of socio-critical modeling by exploring how PTs make connections to features of mathematical modeling and social justice while posing mathematical problems and reflecting on their problem-posing. We present a conceptual…

Though there is an extensive research literature on understanding and assessing individual modeling competencies, less attention has been given to characterizing the social context of the classroom in which modeling occurs. Yet a classroom's culture of modeling--its negotiated system of beliefs and values about the nature of modeling and what…

The Models and Modeling Working Group at PME-NA has provided a forum for discussing and collaborating on projects fundamental to research on mathematical modeling since the first PME-NA conference in 1978. We propose to convene this Working Group at PME-NA 41 with a dual purpose: (1) to build on a theme begun in Greenville, holding a focused…

An important question for mathematics teachers is this: "How can we help students learn mathematics to solve everyday problems, rather than teaching them only to memorize rules and practice mathematical procedures?" Teaching students using modeling activities can help them learn mathematics in real-world problem-solving situations that…