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Thurn, Christian; Nussbaumer, Daniela; Schumacher, Ralph; Stern, Elsbeth – Journal of Intelligence, 2022
We explored the mediating role of prior knowledge on the relation between intelligence and learning proportional reasoning. What students gain from formal instruction may depend on their intelligence, as well as on prior encounters with proportional concepts. We investigated whether a basic curriculum unit on the concept of density promoted…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Intelligence, Training, Logical Thinking
Coxon, Steve V.; Dohrman, Rebecca L.; Nadler, Dustin R. – Roeper Review, 2018
Children using robotics for engineering, science, technology, and mathematics (CREST-M) is an ongoing curriculum creation and evaluation project developing math-focused science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curriculum units that incorporate storytelling with math and are designed to be engaging for students from backgrounds…
Descriptors: Robotics, STEM Education, Story Telling, Disproportionate Representation
Klauer, Karl Josef; Phye, Gary D. – Review of Educational Research, 2008
Researchers have examined inductive reasoning to identify different cognitive processes when participants deal with inductive problems. This article presents a prescriptive theory of inductive reasoning that identifies cognitive processing using a procedural strategy for making comparisons. It is hypothesized that training in the use of the…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Logical Thinking, Thinking Skills

Mulholland, Timothy M.; And Others – Cognitive Psychology, 1980
Adults' geometric analogy solution was investigated as a function of systematic variations in the information structure of items. Latency data from verification of true and false items were recorded. A model incorporating assumptions about the form of item representation, working memory factors, and processing components and strategies was…
Descriptors: Adults, Analogy, Geometry, Individual Differences
Schiano, Diane J.; Barch, Don – 1989
An expert/novice paradigm is applied to the development of a computer-assisted test of spatial aptitude. The qualitative differences in encoding and solution strategies between high and low "spatials" were demonstrated. Initial efforts focused on the ubiquitous figural analogy test ("A:B::C:D"). Converging evidence from a…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Testing, Computer Software, Databases, Encoding (Psychology)
Schiano, Diane J. – 1986
Individual differences in performance on figural analogy tests are usually attributed to quantitative differences in processing parameters rather than to qualitative differences in the formation and use of representations. Yet aptitude-related differences in categorizing standardized figural analogy problems between high and low scorers have been…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, College Students, Convergent Thinking, Higher Education
Schiano, Diane J.; And Others – 1986
Performance on standardized figural analogy tests is considered highly predictive of academic success. While information-processing models of analogy solution attribute performance differences to quantitative differences in processing parameters, the problem-solving literature suggests that qualitative differences in problem representation and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Style, College Students, Convergent Thinking, Eye Fixations