Gives particular attention to the Supreme Court's definition of "sex based discrimination" and its application of the "Griggs" effect-test. Asserts that the Court has adopted the most conservative available notion of equal opportunity. Available from Columbia Human Rights Law Review, Box 54, Columbia University School of Law,…

This first part of a two-part article dealing with laws relating to working women and pregnancy examines the socio-legal developments preceding passage of the Pregnancy Disability Amendment, the basic provisions of the bill, and its impact on employers, employees, and unions in its first three years. (Author/MLF)

Assesses the effect of the Supreme Court decision, Geduldig v. Aiello, on the interpretative guidelines of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), which in enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act treats pregnancy like any other temporary disability. Concludes that the Court should give "great deference" to the EEOC…

Chapter 17 of a book on school law is an historical review of judicial decisions and legislative enactments that apply to employment. The purpose of the chapter is to analyze those cases concerned with discrimination because of sex, age, or national origin, and to discuss the decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court in these areas. Not until the…

The recent Supreme Court decision in the employment discrimination case "California Savings and Loan Association v. Guerra" permits employers to treat pregnancy the same as other disabling conditions relating to employment opportunities. Also, state legislatures may mandate preferential treatment for pregnancy. (MD)

Public Law 95-555, which expands the definition of sex discrimination in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, reverses the judicial determination that pregnancy is not a sex-based attribute. Available from School of Law, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211. (Author/IRT)

After discussing the facts and reasoning of the two cases (General Electric Co. vs Gilbert and Nashville Gas Co. vs Satty), the author argues that the decisions are largely the product of pregnancy stereotypes and that the Court's reasoning is flawed and should not be applied outside the context of pregnancy. Journal availability: see EA 511 481.…

Supreme Court decisions in two recent court cases concerning Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and the pregnancy of female employees illustrate how stereotyped notions of pregnancy influence perceptions about women's roles in employment. (EB)

Provides overview of laws, policies, and regulations available to women to secure their job rights when faced with sex discrimination. Equal pay, sexual harassment, pregnancy discrimination, and affirmative action are discussed, noting procedures involved in filing a complaint. (EJS)

Quotes the antidiscrimination provisions of Title VII, describes some relevant court decisions, and discusses the relevance of the courts' actions to school officials facing a decision when a qualified teacher who is three or four months pregnant applies for a position or comes up for reappointment in April. (Author/MLF)

The 1978 amendment to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 provides that pregnant women may claim any disability and medical benefits extended to other employees for non-job-related disabilities. The author examines the legislation and prior court decisions, noting the distinction between pregnancy benefits and sex discrimination. (MF)

In response to several court decisions of the 1970s, Congress enacted an amendment to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This amendment, Public Law 95-555 (entitled "Pregnancy Sex Discrimination, Prohibition"), states that discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions constitutes…

This monograph reviews the current status of constitutional, statutory, and case law governing public employers' obligations to assure equal employment opportunities and employees' rights to nondiscriminatory treatment. An initial overview of the legal framework discusses federal equal protection mandates including the guarantee of equal…