Investigates the status of gender and computer use in education based on a study by the IEA (International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement). Results indicate possible causes of gender differences include parental support, access to computers, lack of female role models, and types of computer activities in schools.…

Describes a study conducted at Seattle Pacific University that developed an attitude scale to measure student perceptions about online courses; explored relationships between student perceptions and demographic and other variables, including age, gender, online course experience, Internet experience, and computer skills; and investigated…

A study examined guardianship as it affects young adults with disabilities. Two hundred and twenty-one court files were reviewed across nine Michigan jurisdictions. Overall, 120 plenary guardians and 101 partial guardians were appointed. Distinctions between the powers of plenary and partial guardians, however, were often found to be minimal.…

Longitudinal change in syntax comprehension and production skill, measured over six years, was modeled in 31 individuals (ages 5-20) with Down syndrome. The best fitting Hierarchical Linear Modeling model of comprehension uses age and visual and auditory short-term memory as predictors of initial status, and age for growth trajectory. (Contains…

Examined relationship qualities and perceived social self- efficacy of 12-year-olds. Found that perceived low parental intimate support, high conflict with parents, and lower perceived self-efficacy were related to depression symptoms. Girls reported greater best friend intimate support and less conflict, greater self-efficacy, and stronger…

Explored contributions of complex sociodramatic play (CSP) in early childhood to self-regulation development for impulsive and nonimpulsive preschoolers. Found that Time 1 CSP positively correlated with, and solitary dramatic play negatively correlated with, self-regulation during Time 2 clean-up periods. The CSP/self-regulation relationship was…

Data from 143 children with reading disabilities (RD), 100 with arithmetic disabilities (AD), and 121 controls (ages 6-16) found the RD and AD groups had significantly lower scores on all verbal IQ subtests. Many also showed significant differences between verbal and performance IQ scores, but so did many controls. (Contains references.)…

A cross-sectional simultaneous equation model is specified whereby metropolitan-wide levels of racial residential segregation, housing discrimination, interracial occupational dissimilarities, and Black/White mean incomes are endogenous. Results support the hypothesis of mutually causal interrelationships among these phenomena. Results of policy…

Uses 1960-1980 census figures to examine patterns of occupational differences between White men and women in 159 nonmetropolitan counties of the South. Finds large and constant sex segregation by occupation but little inequality, as measured by average occupational status differences between the sexes. Contains 70 references. (SV)

A peer nomination scale was designed to assess the degree to which children were subjected to direct physical and verbal abuse by peers. Subjects were 165 third through sixth grade students. Children's victimization scores were uncorrelated with their aggression scores, negatively correlated with peer acceptance, and positively correlated with…

Five and seven year olds were able to correctly distinguish between factual and fictional television programs and test clips, based upon genre of program, production features, content. Age and vocabulary scores predicted accuracy of factuality judgments, but television viewing history did not. Older children understood better than younger ones…

The relationship between adolescent loneliness and factors associated with adult loneliness (attributional style, self-esteem, social anxiety, and social skills) was investigated for 107 male and 79 female ninth graders completing 7 difference measures. Social skills, self-esteem, and attributional style are significant predictors of loneliness,…

To assess sex differences in vulnerability, 80 Israeli middle-class mothers of elementary school children predicted difficulty of low- and high-stress life events for child protagonists in 8 vignettes. Boys' mothers (n=39) predicted greater child stress difficulties than girls' mothers (n=41) and that boys would have more difficulty than girls.…

Tested serial work recall of young and old adults in an effort to examine developmental reserve capacity in old age. Results showed magnification of differences early in training, and prediction of posttraining scores by the digit symbol substitution variable. (BC)

A study investigated the extent to which 2 Australian college entrance examinations, sex, and field of study predicted first-year performance of 1,695 students entering the University of Western Australia. Results show that in some fields, students are being admitted with an unacceptably low chance of successfully completing the first year. (MSE)