This longitudinal study investigates metacognitive development in children aged four to six (N = 148; 74 girls; 106 White, 21 multiracial, 17 Black, 3 Asian, 1 Latino; collected in 2017-2019) compared to adults (N = 26, 13 women; collected in 2022). We assessed metacognitive monitoring and control using experimenter-elicited and self-generated…

While research on how classroom climate impacts students' bullying behavior has increased over past decades, studies on how a well-functioning class climate may impact the classroom prevalence of victims of bullying are scarce. Class climate refers to the quality of collective interpersonal relationships among students in a school class. Thus, in…

Children's ability to correctly name letters is a key predictor of later reading abilities and skills, but research on letter naming from Scandinavian orthographies is scarce. The aim of this study is to explore how child- and letter-related factors (i.e., gender, child name, phonemic awareness, letter position in the alphabet and frequency, and…

Examining changes in the longitudinal relationship between vocabulary knowledge and three types of morphological awareness (MA), a cross-lagged design was conducted with a sample of 146 Chinese children. Homophone awareness, homograph awareness, compounding awareness, and vocabulary knowledge were measured in grades 1 (T1), 2 (T2), and 3 (T3),…

This study aimed to examine the predictive validity of junior high students' grit (including perseverance of effort (PE) and consistency of interest (CI)) on their short-term and long-term academic achievements using a longitudinal survey design under the structural equation modeling framework. Data were collected on 236 junior high students…

Background: Sound learning design should be based on the constructive alignment of intended learning outcomes (LOs), teaching and learning activities and formative and summative assessment. Assessment validity strongly relies on its alignment with LOs. Valid and reliable formative assessment can be analysed as a predictor of students' academic…

The present dissertation project investigated relationship enhancement following a brief self-disclosure task (i.e., the Fast Friends Procedure; FFP) via self-report and observational data. Thirty-three undergraduate couples dating for less than six months asked and answered questions that required increasingly higher levels of self-disclosure for…

An overarching framework in the field of developmental psychology highlights the close linkage of cognition with emotion; however, the extent to which this framework supports the relationship between executive functions and emotion understanding in young children remains unclear. Hence, we employ a longitudinal tracking study to investigate the…

Early literacy skill development predicts later reading success, and development of skills in specific domains during the preschool years has been established as both a prerequisite and precursory for reading. Early literacy assessments typically include measures of separate skills across domains, and results can assist with determining where…

Dan Olweus' pioneering work on traditional bullying laid the foundation for how cyberbullying is defined and measured today. Many researchers believe that these two forms of bullying share some similarities. However, two perspectives have been outlined for the relationship between traditional bullying and cyberbullying--the extension perspective…

Mediation analysis is widely applied in various fields of science, such as psychology, epidemiology, and sociology. In practice, many psychological and behavioral phenomena are dynamic, and the corresponding mediation effects are expected to change over time. However, most existing mediation methods assume a static mediation effect over time,…

Mediation analysis is widely applied in various fields of science, such as psychology, epidemiology, and sociology. In practice, many psychological and behavioral phenomena are dynamic, and the corresponding mediation effects are expected to change over time. However, most existing mediation methods assume a static mediation effect over time,…

Background: Studies suggest that prosocial behavior, having high empathy and engaging in behaviors intended to benefit others, may predict mental health or vice versa; however, these findings have been mixed. The purpose of the current study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between prosocial behavior and dimensions of psychopathology…

This longitudinal study investigates the shifting roles of phonological awareness (PA) and morpho-lexical knowledge in Hebrew word reading fluency from kindergarten to Grade 4. The research addresses the developmental question regarding the relative importance of morphology versus phonology among beginning and more advanced readers. 440…

Math and executive functioning (EF) skills are thought to be tightly linked in early childhood. To facilitate our understanding of this link in early childhood, here we present a meta-analysis of over 1,000 different correlation values between EF and math measures in early childhood (4-6yrs). The overall average EF-Math relation was r = 0.350, 95%…