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Gerst, Elyssa H.; Cirino, Paul T.; Macdonald, Kelly T.; Miciak, Jeremy; Yoshida, Hanako; Woods, Steven P.; Gibbs, M. Cullen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
The present study had two aims. First, we set out to evaluate the structure of processing speed in children by comparing five alternative models: two conceptual models (a unitary model, a complexity model) and three methodological models (a stimulus material model, an output response model, and a timing modality model). Second, we then used the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Reading Processes, Comparative Analysis, Predictor Variables
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Hall, Jessica; McGregor, Karla K.; Oleson, Jacob – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether deficits in executive function and lexical-semantic memory compromise the linguistic performance of young adults with specific learning disabilities (LD) enrolled in postsecondary studies. Method: One hundred eighty-five students with LD (n = 53) or normal language development (ND, n =…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Semantics, Memory, Young Adults
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Ten Eycke, Kayla D.; Müller, Ulrich – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2018
Little is known about the relation between cognitive processes and imagination and whether this relation differs between neurotypically developing children and children with autism. To address this issue, we administered a cognitive task battery and Karmiloff-Smith's drawing task, which requires children to draw imaginative people and houses. For…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Executive Function
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Vugs, Brigitte; Hendriks, Marc; Cuperus, Juliane; Knoors, Harry; Verhoeven, Ludo – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: This longitudinal study examined differences in the development of working memory (WM) between children with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children. Further, it explored to what extent language at ages 7-8 years could be predicted by measures of language and/or WM at ages 4-5 years. Method: Thirty…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Short Term Memory, Children, Language Impairments
Davidson, Meghan M. – ProQuest LLC, 2016
Reading comprehension is a complex interactional process whereby the accumulated meaning of sounds, words, and sentences is integrated to form a meaningful representation of text. It is well established that many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reading comprehension difficulties, but less is understood about the underlying…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Reading Difficulties
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Raudszus, Henriette; Segers, Eliane; Verhoeven, Ludo – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2018
This study compared how lexical quality (vocabulary and decoding) and executive control (working memory and inhibition) predict reading comprehension directly as well as indirectly, via syntactic integration, in monolingual and bilingual fourth grade children. The participants were 76 monolingual and 102 bilingual children (mean age 10 years,…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Second Language Learning, Bilingualism, Prediction
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de Vries, Marieke; Verdam, Mathilde G. E.; Prins, Pier J. M.; Schmand, Ben A.; Geurts, Hilde M. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2018
Previously, a total of 121 children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) performed an adaptive working memory (WM)-training, an adaptive flexibility-training, or a non-adaptive control (mock)-training. Despite overall improvement, there were minor differences between the adaptive and mock-training conditions. Moreover, dropout was relatively…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Short Term Memory, Training
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Dijkhuis, Renee R.; Ziermans, Tim B.; Van Rijn, Sophie; Staal, Wouter G.; Swaab, Hanna – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2017
Background: Autism is generally associated with poor functional outcome but little is known about predictors of quality of life, especially during early adulthood. This study was conducted to assess subjective quality of life during early adulthood in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder and its relation with self-regulating abilities.…
Descriptors: Autism, Quality of Life, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Executive Function
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Rosenberg, Limor; Jacobi, Shani; Bart, Orit – Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools & Early Intervention, 2017
Executive functions are crucial for efficient daily functioning. However, the contribution of executive functions to the participation in daily life activities of children, have been inadequately studied. The study aimed to examine the unique contribution of executive functions, beyond motor ability, to the diversity and independence of children's…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Psychomotor Skills, Occupational Therapy, Daily Living Skills
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Howie, Erin K.; Schatz, Jeffrey; Pate, Russell R. – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2015
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the acute dose-response relationship of classroom exercise breaks with executive function and math performance in 9- to 12-year-old children by comparing 5-min, 10-min, or 20-min classroom exercise breaks to 10 min of sedentary classroom activity. Method: This study used a within-subjects…
Descriptors: Exercise, Executive Function, Correlation, Mathematics Achievement
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Agoston, Anna M.; Rudolph, Karen D. – Journal of Early Adolescence, 2016
Exposure to peer stress contributes to adolescent depression, yet not all youth experience these effects. Thus, it is important to identify individual differences that shape the consequences of peer stress. This research investigated the interactive contribution of cumulative peer stress during childhood (second-fifth grades) and executive…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Executive Function, Depression (Psychology), Questionnaires
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Klusek, J.; Martin, G. E.; Losh, M. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2014
Background: Prior research suggests that 60-74% of males and 16-45% of females with fragile X syndrome (FXS) meet criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in research settings. However, relatively little is known about the rates of clinical diagnoses in FXS and whether such diagnoses are consistent with those performed in a research setting…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis
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Gooch, Debbie; Hulme, Charles; Nash, Hannah M.; Snowling, Margaret J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2014
Background: Comorbidity among developmental disorders such as dyslexia, language impairment, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder is common. This study explores comorbid weaknesses in preschool children at family risk of dyslexia with and without language impairment and considers the role that…
Descriptors: Comorbidity, Developmental Disabilities, Dyslexia, Language Impairments
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Miller, Meghan; Loya, Fred; Hinshaw, Stephen P. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: We prospectively followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of girls with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 140) and a matched comparison sample (n = 88) from childhood through young adulthood to evaluate developmental trajectories of executive functions (EF) and associations between EF trajectories…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Females, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Comparative Analysis
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Beidas, Hanin; Khateb, Asaid; Breznitz, Zvia – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2013
The question of which cognitive impairments are primarily associated with dyslexia has been a source of continuous debate. This study examined the cognitive profile of Hebrew-speaking compensated adult dyslexics and investigated whether their cognitive abilities accounted for a unique variance in their reading performance. Sixty-nine young adults…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Profiles, Semitic Languages, Cognitive Ability
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