Previous investigations mostly relied on the two-factor model of grit (with "perseverance of effort" and "consistency of interests" as major dimensions) which received a number criticisms in the extant literature. Recent studies have provided promising lines of evidence regarding the "triarchic model of grit" (TMG)…

Research on the affective dimensions of mathematics learning and achievement has tended to focus on negative emotions and on mathematics anxiety in particular, with much less work on positive emotions. Drawing from a positive education perspective, we aim to contribute to the growing literature on positive emotions and learning. We hypothesize…

The present study investigated the composition of negative affect and its function as inhibitory to thought processes such as self-regulation. Negative affect in the present study were composed of anxiety, worry, thought suppression, and fear of negative evaluation. These four factors were selected based on the criteria of negative affect by…