There has been extensive research using centrality measures in educational settings. One of the most common lines of such research has tested network centrality measures as indicators of success. The increasing interest in centrality measures has been kindled by the proliferation of learning analytics. Previous works have been dominated by…

The search for rigor in learning analytics applications has placed survey data in the suspect's corner, favoring more objective trace data. A potential lack of objectivity in survey data is the existence of response styles, the tendency of respondents to answer survey items in a particular biased manner, such as yeah saying or always disagreeing.…