Criticizes the account of observation given by Alan Chalmers in "What Is This Thing Called Science?" and provides an alternative based on direct realist approaches to perception. Contains 15 references. (Author/WRM)

Meanings given to the term "perception" are discussed in this paper and two categories of perception theories having implications for instructional media research are identified. One category is described as extroverted because it includes theories primarily concerned with characteristics of external stimuli and the influence that the…

This study sought to assess the ontogenetic course of three classes of size-value phenomena. Size-value phenomena refers to the observation that valued and neutral objects physically equal in size are judged as unequal. Results are discussed in terms of perceptual development. (ST)

Research supported by Public Health Service Research Grant MH-11088 from the National Institute of Mental Health.

PERCEPTION IS DEFINED AS THE MEANINGFUL RESPONSE TO THE VISUAL OR ORAL SIGNAL WHICH IS UNIVERSALLY REFERRED TO AS WORDS. PERCEPTION INCLUDES THE AROUSAL OF MEANING AND IS A CONSCIOUSNESS OR AN AWARENESS OF THE EXPERIENCES ELICITED BY THESE VISUAL OR ORAL SIGNALS. IMPROVING WORD PERCEPTION INVOLVES AT LEAST THE FOLLOWING THREE PROCESSES WHICH ARE…

Despite external changes such as those of magnitudes, the functional properties of the visual system also improve with increased age. According to Jean Piaget's centration/decentration theory, the process of perceptual development might continue until adulthood and even after. However, perceptual development should not be understood in all of its…

It is proposed here that adults process orientation information at different levels and that these levels correspond to developmental stages in the coding of orientation in childhood. (Author)

Perceptual decentering was examined in 30 nonretarded children, 30 educable mentally retarded (EMR) children equated for CA, and 30 EMR children equated for MA. (Author)

Four experiments assessed converging aspects of four-month-old infants' perceptions of visual patterns. Results together corroborate and extend previous findings that vertical symmetry has a special status in early perceptual development and that infants can perceive pattern wholes. (Author/AS)

The development of space awareness should facilitate effective playing and coaching through increased ability to observe spatial arrangements as they apply to game strategy. (JD)

An argument centered on perceptual-motor training as an educational fad and a criticism of training approaches. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Orthopsychiatric Association (New York, New York, 1969). (RJ)

Argues that visuals constitute a language" in that they suggest physical objects . . . just as words signify their referents;" an adaptation of a paper presented at national convention of Department of Audiovisual Instruction, YNational Education AssociationI (Houston, Texas, March 28, 1968). (Editor/RD)

The results suggested that profoundly retarded children do show habituation and dishabituation to visual stimuli and are actively storing and processing information about their perceptual world. (Author/DLS)

Examined the ability of 1-year olds to remember the location of nonvisible targets. Found that infants were able to associate a nonvisible target with a direct landmark and to code its distance and direction with respect to themselves or the larger framework. Difficulty of coding with indirect landmarks was associated with cognitive complexity and…

This study examined whether 16-month-old walking infants take the material composition of a handrail into account when assessing its effectiveness as a tool to augment balance. Infants were encouraged to cross from one platform to another via bridges of various widths (10, 20, 40cm) with either a wobbly (foam or latex) or a wooden handrail…