Subjects were 359 children divided by grade (3 and 6), culture (U.S. and Indian), and sex. Hypothesis was that developmental, cross-cultural, and sex differences would be found in the perception of situational causality. All cross-cultural and developmental differences were found to be significant for U.S. children but not for Indian children. (RJ)

This study tested the assimilation of an auditory-visual stimulus configuration in 32 infants aged 15 to 16 weeks. The infants' discrimination of matched and mismatched auditory-visual stimuli indicated that infants by 4 months of age are capable of constructing bimodal schemata. (JMB)

Age and condition (either constancy-relevant or variability-relevant) interact, with the youngest group in the constancy-relevant condition performing most poorly on concept identification tasks. (MH)

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of verbal and imaginal rehearsal strategies in children's discrimination learning. With verbal materials, imaging the referent of the correct item was more facilitative than vocalizing the correct item, as long as the former strategy was defined in a manner conducive to effective…

Apparently contradictory findings regarding the locus of information processing differences between retarded and nonretarded persons were discussed. (Author)

Two experiments investigated the role of children's spontaneous conceptual "biases" in pictorial discrimination learning. The results suggested that such biases may serve either to facilitate or to interfere with discrimination learning. Moreover, in each experiment, age by treatment interactions revealed that in comparison to the behavior of…

This study attempted to determine the functional components of rehearsal strategies in children's discrimination learning. When a discrimination list was given without rehearsal instructions, ability to discriminate situational frequencies predicted performance. Without rehearsal strategy, subjects' ability to discriminate between previous usage…

Research supported by a U.S. Public Health Service fellowship grant and by grant No. 01368-04 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

The information processing terms "content" and "address" are used to describe structural differences between the constructs of individual identity and identity in the equivalence sense. In both cases a sameness relation is established in spite of specific differences. The resulting constructs of identity are known to be…

Two studies involving 16 and 20 mildly mentally retarded young adults supported a two-stage model for the relatively simple discrimination tasks employed, with initial sensory registration preceding and independent from subsequent central processing. (CL)