Survey of 282 school superintendents identified the following sources of stress: (1) complying with state and federal mandates; (2) discharging staff; (3) operational costs; and (4) involvement in labor negotiations. Developed recommendations for reducing job stress, focusing on time management, complying with mandates, collective bargaining,…

A causal model of organizational commitment was developed from previous theory and research. The model included variables from each of four categories--personal needs, job characteristics, role states, and work experiences--as well as employees' job satisfaction and mental health. It was tested in surveys of nonprofessional and professional…

In this 12-month study, an interdisciplinary research team comprehensively investigated the existing and projected Human Resource Development (HRD) needs of Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA). The general objectives of the study were to indicate how SEPTA's HRD program might be improved, and to outline the parameters of a…

Traces John R. P. French, Jr.'s contribution to the development of person-environment (PE) fit theory. The text examines recent extensions of PE fit theory, including the introduction of response surfaces to examine the homogeneity of effects of PE fit on indicators of mental health across all levels of person or of environment. (GLR)

Emphasizes that environments are a function of the people behaving in them. Reviews a new conceptualization of organizational functioning based on the attraction-selection-attrition framework. Describes the implications of this framework for various areas of study in industrial/organizational psychology and vocational behavior. (Author/KS)

Discusses various symptoms of burnout and argues that its main cause among teachers is the organizational pattern of public schools. Identifies teachers' noninvolvement in decision making, performance guidelines, routinization, and the division of labor as stress inducing administrative features that should be changed in order to reduce burnout.…

Describes the emergence of the Quality of Working Life (QWL) approach to work organization. Discusses the benefits that may be gained by implementing this approach in education, for example in the areas of labor management negotiations, stress management, and staff development. (GC)

This book contains practical information on creating a positive work climate within an organization. Twenty separate characteristics of successful "climate creators" are discussed. Information is also included on: (1) climate; (2) climate creators; (3) dynamic characteristics of climate creators; (4) the challenge of creating a positive climate;…

Describes person-environment (PE) theory, pertinent studies and experiments in improving PE fit, advocating research on role of past, present, and anticipated PE fit on well-being and employee behavior; outcomes when PE fit is changed by altering P, E, or some combination; and considering the agent of change. Emphasizes systemic properties of…