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Li, Miao; Kirby, John R.; Geva, Esther; Koh, Poh Wee; Zhang, Huan – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
This study examined (a) the identification of various reading groups across languages in Chinese (L1) adolescents learning English as a second language (ESL), in terms of their word-reading and reading comprehension skills, (b) overlap in reading group membership across languages, and (c) the performance of the various reading groups on…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Crosson, Amy C.; Lesaux, Nonie K. – Journal of Research in Reading, 2013
Connectives (e.g., although, meanwhile) carry abstract meanings and often signal key relationships between text ideas. This study explored whether understanding of connectives represents a unique domain of vocabulary knowledge that provides special leverage for reading comprehension, and whether the contribution of knowledge of connectives to…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Reading Comprehension, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
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Gamez, Perla B.; Levine, Susan C. – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2013
This study examined the relation between young English language learners' (ELL) native oral language skills and their language input in transitional bilingual education kindergarten classrooms. Spanish-speaking ELLs' ("n" = 101) Spanish expressive language skills were assessed using the memory for sentences and picture vocabulary…
Descriptors: Spanish Speaking, English Language Learners, Linguistic Input, Oral Language