Math facts are foundational for later math skill development, but many students demonstrate difficulties with math facts in early schooling. Drill-based interventions have been shown to effectively target foundational academic skills; however, there is limited research examining drill-based interventions for teaching math facts compared to basic…

Purpose: Since there are a limited number of studies on how to develop relational thinking in secondary school students in mathematics education literature, this study will contribute to the field both in theoretical terms and concerning the implications for in-class applications. In this respect, this study aims to examine how to develop the…

A large number of students demonstrate difficulty acquiring and retaining math facts highlighting the need for early math intervention. This study used a single-case cumulative acquisition design to examine the differential effectiveness and efficiency of three drill interventions, incremental rehearsal (IR), incremental rehearsal with visual…

Reports show that only 40% of 4th-grade students are proficient in math and American students are failing to demonstrate proficiency in key areas of mathematics (National Center for Educational Statistics 2011). Improving students' fluency of basic math multiplication facts has been recommended as a way to increase math proficiency…

Preschool education focuses on the efforts to provide fun and meaningful learning opportunities to children aged four to six years old. The main focus is the process of teaching and learning which is children-centered, emphasis on the findings inquiry concept, the use of integrated teaching and learning, thematic learning, learning through…

While mathematics education is key to the post-school outcomes of students with disabilities, it has received less attention in research and practice compared with other aspects of educating this population. Skill maintenance is particularly crucial in mathematics because students build upon prior knowledge across grade levels. They also need to…

This paper reports on a pilot study that incorporated an alternative professional learning model that was school-based and focused an identified area of need: multiplicative thinking. The shift to multiplicative thinking can be challenging for both students and teachers due to its multifaceted nature. The study involved the delivery of six modules…

Self-efficacy is the belief an individual has about his or her capabilities to successfully complete an activity. Self-efficacy stems from four sources: verbal persuasion, physiological states, past experiences, and vicarious experiences. Increases in self-efficacy in education are connected with an increase in academic achievement. The current…

Many arithmetic problems can be solved in two ways: by a calculation involving several steps, and by direct retrieval of the answer. With practice on particular problems, memory retrieval tends to supplant calculation--an important aspect of skill learning. We asked how the distribution of practice on particular problems affects this kind of…

Rules are given for two games designed to help students learn the multiplication facts. (MK)

Examined development of multiplication skills in 8- to 12-year-olds taught by discovery methods. Found a general shift away from less effective strategies across ages 8 to 12, but by 11 years, relatively few used the most effective strategy of retrieval for all operands. Effective strategy development was related to nonverbal reasoning ability and…

Students who can compute mathematical problems in their heads have learned a skill that is important for estimating and for understanding the number system. Practice activities that can help students master mental computation skills are described. (PP)

Third-graders showing negligible mastery of multiplication combinations were randomly assigned to two groups which practiced different subsets of combinations. Retest results were inconsistent with Siegler's (1988) proposal that item-specific computational practice is necessary to change error patterns and promote mastery. Results suggested that…

Problem Solving in Mathematics (PSM), a program of problem-solving lessons for grades 4-9, is designed to be integrated into the regular mathematics curriculum. Although the content objectives of the lessons are similar to those of most textbooks, PSM emphasizes problem-solving skills and a variety of instructional strategies which foster the…

In one experiment, subjects from third grade through college relied on memory retrieval rather than on counting to solve multiplication problems. An effect of confusing problems on error rates and reaction times indicated the activation of related information. In a second experiment, subjects demonstrated automaticity of fact retrieval on simple…