The dynamics model, which is based on L. Talmy's (1988) theory of force dynamics, characterizes causation as a pattern of forces and a position vector. In contrast to counterfactual and probabilistic models, the dynamics model naturally distinguishes between different cause-related concepts and explains the induction of causal relationships from…

A full-information item factor analysis model for multidimensional polytomously scored item response data is developed as an extension of previous work by several authors. The model is expressed in factor-analytic and item response theory parameters, and an EM algorithm for estimation of the model parameters is presented. (SLD)

Using a model for individual differences in multidimensional scaling, 16 concepts dealing with developmental psychology were scaled before and after a course. The criterion measure used was the instructor's position in the subject space. Implications of this methodology for educational evaluation are discussed. (Author/SE)

A method is presented whereby discrete occupational titles can be represented along a multidimensional continuum reflecting a population's shared perceptions. Their locations on the continuum are used to identify significant others' influence and vocational preferences. The model is shown to be useful for explicating the processes by which…

A multidimensional scaling analysis of 21 work outcomes yielded a latent structure with three dimensions: value attached by society, level of psychological need met, and extent the outcome is inherent in the work itself. Results suggest a multidimensional model of work outcomes is more useful than a categorical approach. (Author)

A model is proposed in which different sets of linear constraints are imposed on different dimensions in component analysis and classical multidimensional scaling frameworks. An algorithm is presented for fitting the model to the data by least squares. Examples demonstrate the method. (SLD)

Examines query-oriented versus document-oriented information retrieval and feedback learning. Highlights include a reunification of the two approaches for probabilistic document retrieval and for vector space model (VSM) retrieval; learning in VSM and in probabilistic models; multi-dimensional scaling; and ongoing field studies. (LRW)

Two lines of psychometric interest are combined: a) multidimensional scaling and, b) factor analysis. This is achieved by employing three-mode factor analysis of scalar product matrices, one for each subject. Two of the modes are the group of objects scaled and the third is the sample of subjects. Resulting from this are, an object space, a person…

When Torgerson's multidimensional scaling model is used in conjunction with the method of tetrads, derived coordinates are based on data which is assumed to be distributed normally. The object of this study was to determine the amount of error contained in derived coordinates when the normality assumption is violated. Torgerson coordinates were…

Prior to a three-way component analysis of a three-way data set, it is customary to preprocess the data by centering and/or rescaling them. Harshman and Lundy (1984) considered that three-way data actually consist of a three-way model part, which in fact pertains to ratio scale measurements, as well as additive "offset" terms that turn the ratio…

Observers made speeded old-new recognition judgments of color stimuli embedded in a multidimensional similarity space. The paradigm used multiple lists but with the underlying similarity structures repeated across lists, to allow for quantitative modeling of the data at the individual-participant and individual-item levels. Correct rejection…

Describes the loglinear model, and applies it to categorical data cross-tabulated on four dimensions. Defines contrasts similar to those of the analysis of variance and describes post hoc and planned comparison strategies. Illustrates hypothesis testing and model building for categorical data, providing guidelines for performing an analysis on…

Provides a nontechnical explanation of the family of multivariate statistical techniques known as multidimensional scaling (MDS). Explains the purpose of MDS, and the advantages of using these techniques in the study of musical perception. Discusses two approaches to the interpretation of MDS solutions. Lists examples of musical studies using MDS.…