Background: Very little is known about the neuropsychological correlates of adaptive functioning in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). This study examined whether specific cognitive deficits and demographic variables predicted everyday functioning in adults with ID. Method: People with ID (n = 101; ages 19-41 years; mean education = 11…

The semiotic interpretative context is extended to program evaluation. Assumptions about the semiotic process of constructing, describing, and judging reality are examined in terms of the viability of the process in explicating a perception-based evaluation model. Models from which inspiration was drawn include R. W. Tyler's instructional…

This paper presents a classification and critique of evaluator roles, and discusses the power relationships in which the evaluator engages and the power and influence strategies available to the evaluator within each type of role. The paper describes an evaluator role continuum, from "evaluator as technician" to "evaluator as change agent." At one…

The primary concern in this study has been to interpret the ways in which perception of a letter depends on properties of other letters present in the same display. (Author)

While studies of college-level readers have yielded evidence both for and against the use of phonological or speech recoding in the recognition of written words, no consistent picture of when recoding occurs has yet emerged. However, one model, the adjunct access model, can account for the previous research findings. According to this model,…

The roles of school psychologists and special educators are examined, and an educational process model is offered to determine shared goals and unique services. The school psychologist's affiliation with the field of psychology is stressed. (CL)

An educational policy systems module is presented which is concerned with: (1) the formulation of educational policy in the United States, (2) the changing role of state and federal government in the formulation of educational policy, (3) the organizations and influence groups that are concerned with policy in higher education and their impact,…

Two conflicting developmental accounts of how mental states are used in evaluating actors were tested by varying actors' intentionality, foreknowledge of outcome, and the values of motive and outcome. Findings suggested that children use intentionality before knowledge in judgments of action sequences and that actor's foreknowledge of an outcome…

Investigative explanations of how the mind works and elaborates on the research and findings developed from a neurocognitive connectionist model. Presents several examples and illustrations of how the human brain may generate rules, recognize patterns, and adapt. (ML)

Roles, perspectives, and skills of superintendents and their fit to the Organizational Elements Model (OEM) are examined by defining the elements in the model and providing examples of applications, analyzing superintendents' roles in the planning process, and discussing a method of determining the roles of superintendents in different situations.…

Argues that confusion in understanding the process of listening can be alleviated by adopting an information processing approach to listening. Presents a model and discusses listening strategies. (PD)

Three experiments employed rectangles in stimulus identification tasks. It was concluded that the initial perceptual processing of rectangles is accomplished by separate dimensional analyzers operating in parallel. Observers adopt different decision strategies for negatively correlated sets and for single dimension sets when the number of…

A model of professional socialization is elaborated on and applied to the education of lawyers. Its basic components are the organization, the persons occupying the position of student-professional, the socializing process, and the long-term outcome of socialization. A method to influence the development of professional identity is described. (MSE)