The theoretical framework for investigating human planning behavior and the procedures, results, and implications of two experiments involving planning in the domain of software design are presented in this report. A plan is defined as a hierarchical structure that underlies the solution to a problem; planning is the process of constructing this…

Points out how the theories advanced during the 1930s by Russian psychologist L. S. Vygotsky can provide insights to western educational psychologists as they seek to understand child development and, particularly, as they devise ways of working with socially disadvantaged and mentally retarded children. (DB)

Two factors which contribute to successful learning are presented and shown to be useful in the selection of teaching methods that match educational aims: a feedback model of the teaching and learning processes based on Pask's conversational learning model; and a classification of educational aims based on Bloom. Several kinds of feedback are…

New knowledge is made meaningful by relating it to prior knowledge. Although meaningfulness usually relates new knowledge to prior superordinate knowledge, arbitrarily meaningful knowledge, coordinate, subordinate, and analogic ideas, experiential knowledge, and cognitive strategy also facilitate learning. Optimization of prior knowledge is done…

Systems analysis offers a useful approach for the redirection of counselor education. The formulation of training objectives stated in terms of what the counselor candidate will be doing as a result of instruction is an intrinsic part of the systems approach. (Author)

Presents a systems model for developing instruction in the affective domain and offers a checklist for instructional design. Topics discussed include conducting a needs assessment; behavioral objectives; sequencing affective objectives; the relationship between affective and cognitive behaviors; selecting instructional procedures; and designing…

A model is presented to help educators develop course objectives. The analysis begins with a summary of the approach to general practice teaching on which the course is based. Other topics examined are the approach to the content of the trainee year, teaching and management of learning, and the organization of the practice and the community…

Discusses relevance and its role in evaluating the effectiveness of information retrieval. Highlights include an information retrieval interaction model; a review of research; evaluation and measurement, including recall and precision and utility and user satisfaction; judges and judgment conditions; user criteria; decision making; and cognitive…

Proposes a new system of analysis of English-for-Science-and-Technology data. The article reanalyzes data from previous grammatical-rhetorical interpretations and proposes that each grammatical tense/aspect form in English, including the passive, can be reduced to a semantic core that may be combined with one of several types into which predicate…

The product of an Elementary Secondary Education Act Title III project produced by the staff and administration of the Finlayson Elementary School in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan for American Indian students, this handbook is designed as a guide to educators engaging in open concept education. Constituting a model, this handbook incorporates the…

This ten classroom-hour instructional model combines skill, cognitive and affective experiences in dental health. An integration of the skills and cognitions with affective reactions promotes positive feelings and improved values regarding dental health. Motivation principles and feedback systems give the students and the instructor incentive and…

Analysis of the process of educational television evaluation focuses on the Programme Evaluation Analysis Computer (PEAC) system. Highlights include affects of evaluation on learning; internal and external validity; variables in the evaluation model; formative evaluation; cognitive and affective objectives; and differences between general…

This article illustrates the theoretical and empirical basis of cognitive strategy instruction and compares this basis to major principles of constructivism. Illustrations of self-instructional and other cognitive strategy instruction models are presented in the areas of reading comprehension, written language, and memory. Maintenance,…

Two instruments and instructional activities were pilot tested to determine if they could be used in a later evaluation study of a Domain of Cognition model, developed by Robert J. Stahl as an alternative to Bloom's Taxonomy. The model, intended to help educators more effectively plan for, implement, monitor, and evaluate instruction, was proposed…

A model of human information processing is summarized and discussed in terms of the implications of the model and its associated technologies for curriculum research and development. Description of the model focuses on its input and output systems and its memory systems, i.e., long-term memory (LTM). Semantic networks are described as a…