Subjects taught by a model performed better on interpretation of programs and on problems requiring looping, while nonmodel subjects excelled on straightforward generation of programs. The model used was especially helpful for low ability subjects. Practice in interpretation helped nonmodel subjects most and practice in writing simple programs…

Discusses concerns about the conceptualization of the problems and potential benefits related to the bicultural learning situation. Presents ideas for helping to build a conceptual framework to tackle the questions posed. [Available from CAE, 1703 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009]. (Author/AM)

A theory relates amount of conflict in the sibling relationship to norms of distributive justice, or equity, within the family. The theory is limited to the parental referee role, and the consistency and congruity with which this role is enacted is hypothesized to directly influence the degree of sibling conflict. (Author)

Outlines the use of computer programs in modeling and simulation to provide a link between science and mathematics education. (GS)

Attempts to show that a philosophical redefinition of the locus of social problems demands a fundamental change in micro-level intervention. A framework and model are introduced that describe a reconceptualization of social work practice rooted in the social-welfare-through-social-change philosophy. (Editor)

Discusses three issues that raise serious questions about the behavioral norms and moral obligations of educational planners. From a cost-benefit point of view, excessive planning is reached when overall societal costs exceed overall societal benefits. (Author/WM)

This article focuses on "organizational health, i.e., the health of a school, through redefinition of the role of the school principal". (JC)

This study tested a model (developed by A. Lewis and R. Mayer) that simulates the comprehension processes used when solving compare problems. The basis of the "consistency hypothesis" model is that young students and even adults are more likely to make comprehension errors when the order of the terms in the relational statement of the…

This study investigated how people reason about simple mechanical devices and physical systems, and how reasoning methods and understanding of a device evolve over a period of exposure. Twelve students attending the Teachers College at Columbia University (New York) participated in the first of two experiments; and 10 students attending the same…

Using architectural design as a model, the article discusses the process of evaluation design. Like the architect, the evaluator faces a problem of finding forms that best fit a partially defined set of contextual demands. The context is the set of all factors which made demands upon the final design form. Like the architect, the evaluator's…

A study examined how the diversity of media sources affected the structure of social issue cognitions. Interviews with 239 adults produced data concerning (1) the need for cognition, (2) issue domain salience, (3) source reliance, (4) source diversity, (5) source exposure, (6) issue domain differentiation, and (7) domain integration. Support was…

This paper is a preliminary inquiry by a non-mathematician into graphic methods of sequential planning and ways in which hierarchical analysis and tree structures can be helpful in developing interest in the use of mathematical modeling in the search for creative solutions to real-life problems. Highlights include a discussion of hierarchical…

This document presents hypotheses about how much understanding a user needs to perform skillfully using a computer or a computer program. A framework for characterizing user understanding is presented which includes three criteria for evaluating the representation generated during problem solving: (1) internal coherence--whether the components of…

This paper argues that during the past two decades, research on teaching effectiveness can be identified with three differing paradigms: (1) the technical/"scientific"; (2) the humanistic; and (3) the person-centered paradigms. It is further proposed that if teaching is viewed as an art or craft and learning as an ever present process,…