The review suggested that atypical infants/children (with mental, physical, or behavioral abnormalities) are at risk for child abuse. An explanatory model of abuse was outlined and several studies described whose findings provide support for the model. (Author)

Several in-service models are presented including a provision of services model, job maintenance model, personal development model, and three problem-solving models. (JMF)

The article presents a coping model for helping gifted children which includes six steps, such as recognizing the problem, designing and investigation, and finding a possible solution for use in helping gifted children deal with stress. (PHR)

Administrative responsibility and structure in higher education are discussed in terms of the conflict between the bureaucratic and professional lines of authority. Recommendations for increased communication, flexibility, and delegation of authority are offered. (JMF)

Cautions and considerations for developing and implementing instructional models for students with learning and behavioral problems are examined in view of the need for keeping students as close to the least restrictive alternative as possible. (Author)

A model is presented that counselors in small groups may use to improve students' test-taking skills and motivation and to enhance students' self-knowledge and decision-making ability through better test interpretation. (Author)

Article describes the inception, development, and implementation of the Family Builders model. This model addresses children's problematic behaviors and promotes their social and academic competencies through a deliberate process of stimulating and nurturing school-based collaborations between families and schools. (Contains 14 references.)

Introduces the concept of designing World Wide Web pages that facilitate information seeking and problem solving; describes a model for information problem-solving and techniques for applying the model to Web page design; and lists Web page design guides, both online and print resources. (Author/LRW)

Extends research on the centrality model -- an integrative model of stress and cognitive appraisal -- by examining the relationships among achievement, challenge appraisal, and subsequent coping behaviors. Results indicate that the importance of achievement interacted with challenge appraisal to predict both planful problem solving and positive…

Uses J.W. Carey's transmission and ritual communication models to illustrate harms caused by hate speech. Examines legal precedent for the ritual model, but suggests that courts more often adopt the transmission model. Argues that, although the ritual model points to a different, long-term harm caused by hate speech, its adoption raises troubling…

This paper proposes a model whereby children's behavior problems, parental stress, and parenting behavior are related. It reports evidence that child behavior problems lead to parental stress but finds other model aspects have not been tested in the developmental disability field. Also considered are practical implications integrating research of…

In response to a paper on risk and resilience models in learning disabilities research, this article suggests two factors that render this framework appealing to special education researchers: its optimistic empowering nature as the trainability of identified resilience factors is assumed and its emphasis on factors external to the individual that…

Examined the process of marital disaffection to determine whether there is a pattern of sequential stages. Developed three-phase model of disaffection from the results of in-depth interviews with 49 highly disaffected spouses. Results suggest that marital therapy must involve different goals and interventions during each phase of disaffection to…

Presents a communications model based on the conduit metaphor and examines elements of the model from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Suggests reasons why managers may not be convinced that miscommunication is an important organizational problem. Outlines a research program and explores pedagogical implications of the model. (KEH)

Tested efficacy of social problem-solving therapy for unipolar depression and examined relative contribution of training in problem-orientation component of the overall model. Dismantling research design, involving 39 depressed subjects, revealed problem-solving to be an effective cognitive-behavioral treatment approach for depression. (Author/TE)