Major points made by the authors of this special journal edition are briefly reviewed. A shift from a general practice model of school psychology to a corporate model is noted. Differences between teamwork in schools and in industry and medicine are described, and team functioning in schools is equated with committee activity. (Author)

Models of organizational structures developed through the study of commercial organizations are not necessarily applicable to educational organizations. Technical organizations such as factories act to regulate the flow of their processes and products and, thus, to buffer them from external forces. Institutional organizations such as schools or…

Many counselors, psychologists and other growth specialists functioning in institutions seek ways of improving them but are frustrated by feelings of lack of personal influence or expertise. Attempts at change are often aborted or actually programmed for failure by professionals who expect rejection of their ideas. In many instances, professionals…

The authors introduce the concept of "ecosystems." An ecosystem is one in which there is a true transaction between mutually dependent partners, with the assumption on college campuses that either may change so that mutual benefit may result. A model for bringing about change is presented, and methodology for using the model is described.…

This paper is designed to help educational leaders improve their decision making strategies (and correspondingly educational practice) by evaluating their own strategy in concert with a model proposed in the paper. The proposed model provides educational leaders with an enhanced context within which one can effectively analyze and evaluate…

This paper describes a conceptual framework that can order the host of changes occuring in institutional structure as a consequence of recent learner-centered reform in postsecondary education. Several schemata are examined, and a functional systematization of structures suggested; however, none of these purports to be a completely satisfactory…

Changes in the composition of colleges and universities during the 1970s and the changes in the subpopulation of institutions with a high commitment to liberal arts education were studied. The effect these changes had on the diversity of the population and subpopulation is described. (MLW)

The purpose of this investigation was to test the inter-institutional adaptability and, hence, empirical validity of a value-interest, change-non-change analytical model developed, by Neal. (Author)

Although schools have served as a major target of both educational and mental-health oriented interventions, they have shown a marked tendency to assimilate innovative programs into existing patterns. This paper analyzes the sources and manifestations of resistance to change in schools and discusses the implications of such resistance for the…

This analysis is an attempt to specify the purposes and factors in organizational change and continuity. Denial of the purposeful premise makes possible an environmental perspective that views the characteristics of organizations as a function of their adaptation to their environment. This approach is based on the premises that (1) change in what…

The model presented describes, in terms of communications networks, a school of architecture working within a university and in contact with the world of practice. For use in solving pedagogical and administrative problems, the model is based on an interactive situation, feeding back from new knowledge to experience and back again. (JT)

Describes a databased taxonomy of behaviors that elementary and secondary school teachers use to cope with both internally and externally derived work stress, considers the effectiveness of such behaviors, discusses methods for preparing teachers for working conditions, and points out the value of the taxonomy for future research. (PGD)

H. S. Bhola's CLER (configurations, linkages, environments, resources) Model was used to plan major changes in a large metropolitan police department. Changes involved staff development, occupational socialization, performance evaluation, and result-oriented management. The model provided a satisfactory theoretical framework for analyzing…

Business and industry have exerted a strong influence on public schools and school administration, especially on assumptions about the school setting and its implications for administrator behavior. Schools have been assumed to be bureaucratic organizations in a stable environment, which implies that administrators should be leaders in…

Though program evaluation has been an important focus of higher education for the last 20 years, traditional evaluation models have been ineffective for on-going programs, particularly those where the outcomes are multifaceted or undefined. Over the last five years, several alternative viewpoints on program evaluation have been suggested which…