Presents the state of research in chemical education. Reviews the origins of chemical constructivism, behaviorism, and relativism. Discusses the differences between objectivism, realism, and positivism. Suggests remedies for chemical education research to become better acquainted with the philosophical position. (KHR)

One elementary school program approaches technology activities involving design and construction that enables students to premodel designs using a commercial instructional package produced by LEGO. (JOW)

Explains FLIP it, a four-stage nonlinear information literacy research process that allows flexibility at each stage of the problem-solving approach. Highlights include intelligent thinking, how FLIP it has been used, how it relates to information literacy standards, and research on the FLIP it model. (LRW)

Investigated how users reacted to breakdown situations that generated error messages when browsing the Web. Results showed error messages were not helpful to users in diagnosing the cause of the problem and suggests the need for a model of Web browsing that would be available for users to learn from the error messages. (Author/LRW)

Compared three models to predict recidivism in juvenile offenders. Discriminant analyses performed on data from 91 juvenile parolees (42 nonrecidivists, 49 recidivists) revealed that Orange County Risk Assessment Instrument and Arizona Juvenile Risk Assessment Form were able to predict recidivism 18-22 percent better than chance. Contra Costa Risk…

Any feasible problem-solving theory must become a master plan defining actions leading to desired results. This article presents an integrated, research-based planning model stressing a contingency approach to problem-solving that recognizes constraints such as time, accountability, learning time, uncertainty, conflicts, and complexity. Includes…

Presents Comprehensive Employment Preparation program, an intervention designed to help youth and young adults with developmental disabilities acquire skills necessary to prepare them for effective functioning as self-sustaining, working members of society. Delineates such community-based strategies as vocational enrichment programs; pursuing,…

Five criteria useful in evaluating any discipline model will help evaluators make sense of a complex issue. Discipline policies should be philosophically sound, pedagogically defensible, psychologically appropriate, pragmatically feasible, and professionally evaluated. (TE)

Examines ways in which students collaborate to construct, use, and revise conceptual and strategic knowledge as they solve complex genetics problems. Concludes that students used three types of knowledge during model revision: knowledge of genetics, knowledge of the process of model revision, and knowledge of their own problem-solving strategies…

Discusses risk assessment, including risk assessment as a modeling process, models and social values, political decision making, the public, and risk assessment techniques in the biology classroom. (MKR)

Identifies human performance (HP) models of five prominent human performance technology authors; contrasts the models with each other; combines elements into a new model; and discusses how the model can be used to help assess performance problems and explain HP to clients at three different levels. (LRW)

Notes that family researchers can examine extent of self-selection bias in samples by using range of "plausibly correlated characteristics" such as marriage and divorce public records. Provides extensive case example of analyses and discusses compensation techniques of weighting and hazard rate models. (Author/NB)

Notes that practicum and internship programs in a counselor education department may encounter two basic types of problems: those which require structural change and those which do not. Presents the Practicum-Internship Problem Solving (PIPS) model, a model that combines systems concepts with consultative approach to help to identify and solve…

Notes that Millon's biopsychosocial model asserts that socioenvironmental factors of parental or peer rejection may shape development of avoidant behavior but does not elaborate on how family system may perpetuate its existence once disorder has evolved. Presents brief overview of avoidant behavior and strategic family therapy case study.…

Reviews several related literatures on family and personal correlates of adolescent problem behaviors with intention of providing integrative framework to guide future research. Presents model that postulates existence of two negative family types, psychological overcontrol and behavioral undercontrol, that place adolescents at risk for…