A project was conducted at the University of Goteborg in Sweden to study how students of statistics make use of their knowledge when they solve statistical problems and how this knowledge utilization can be improved. The initial study objectives were to identify deficiencies and limitations pertaining to students' knowledge utilization and to…

A persistent problem in aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) research has been the need for a better conceptualization of instructional treatments. The concerns are important in the analysis of instructional treatments: the importance of considering the psychological processes called upon by the instructional treatment, and the ecological validity…

THE DIFFERENCES AMONG CHILDREN IN THEIR USE OF SPECIFIC MODALITIES FOR LEARNING AND THE NECESSARY ESTABLISHMENT OF PERCEPTUAL BASES FOR CONCEPTUAL LEARNING ARE DISCUSSED. A MODEL IS PRESENTED WHICH EMPHASIZES THE MODALITY-BOUND NATURE OF INPUT AND OUTPUT, AND ELABORATES THE HIERARCHIAL BUT INTERRELATED NATURE OF THE MATURATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF…

The framework presented in this paper uses an organizational perspective to describe and compare alternative approaches to teacher education. Alternatives in teacher education such as competency-based teacher education, humanistic education, or programs typified by academic-oriented, liberal arts teacher education are discussed from the viewpoint…

The author discusses a need for planning research in reading, since present research seems fragmented, the federal government has not functioned especially well in the area of planning for funding or coordination with professional organizations, and there is a need to attract scientists in a variety of disciplines to work in educational research.…

This book brings together articles by educators, geographers, social scientists, and those whose competence and interests cross two or more of these fields. Geography as a discipline has played an important part in social studies/social science education. These chapters are representative of current thinking on many facets of the interaction among…

A task analysis of the conceptual skills prerequisite to learning to read by a phonics-based method is made in an attempt to distinguish these skills from reading's component skills. The model for task analysis presented by Gagne, in which a cumulative learning of prerequisite conceptual skills is assumed, is used. The analysis deals primarily…

Modern psychological theory implies that behavior and neural function are correlated. Models of the operation of the nervous system can be used to predict and explain behavioral events. The purposes of this paper are to briefly outline a model at the biopsychological level that leads to predictions about the retention of verbal material, to show…

This study is based upon an interpretation of Ausubel's subsumption learning theory. The primary characteristic of this theory is that it views a learner's specific content knowledge as a crucial factor in learning. Two types of assessment instruments were used with first-grade students to determine concept attainment based on specific models…

The primary thrust of this book is the presentation of two divergent models of man, the explicit and implicit philosophical assumptions which characterize each view, the conditions of learning compatible with each model, and the educational implications of each position. An introductory section considers the two models of man--the phenomenological…

Presents arguments for the view that pidginization can be a model of early second language acquisition, decreolization can be a model for later second language acquisition, and creolization is inappropriate for any aspect of this process. (Author/AM)

Critical features of sound observational studies fall under three categories: the sampling framework; the theoretical model; and the statistical procedure. If the methodology for explanatory, rather than descriptive, observational studies can be applied within these categories, more consistent, convincing, useful explanations of educational…

Teachers use questioning as a key instructional tool for a number of reasons. Four reasons were highlighted. As well, six major classes of questioning were evaluated. (Author/RK)

Presents a conceptual framework for analyzing academic achievement and learning in light of school differences. Findings do not support the prevailing belief among sociologists of education, teachers, and parents that school differences are closely related to academic achievement. Additional research is suggested. (Author/DB)

Clearly stated learning objectives, a variety of learning activities, and units small enough for students to manage well are some of the crucial requirements for instructing developmental students. The model described depicts a typical systems design applied to instruction. (Author/LBH)