Sixty-nine Israeli school principals completed questionnaires designed to reveal the factors contributing to the leadership styles they used when initiating curricular changes. The principals fell into three leadership categories: "Initiators," who seek change in accordance with long range policies and goals; "Responders," who…

This paper discusses four conceptions of excellence (excellence as proficiency, excellence and disciplinary initiation, excellence as self-actualization, and excellence as social responsibility) and shows how they can be addressed within a science, technology, society (STS) approach to science instruction. Additional topics considered include: (1)…

The communicative approach to language teaching represents a widening of scope in one's view of the goal and range of activities rather than a rejection of earlier approaches or content. However, it does require that all ideas and techniques be reevaluated in terms of this wider conception of communication and learning. One method for combining…

Journal articles, books, monographs, research papers, and lecture-discussion papers on educational planning covering the period from 1970 to mid 1977 are cited. Some outstanding literature not belonging to this period is also cited. The first section lists existing bibliographies in educational planning. Concept and general theory and methodology…

This final report discusses the Social Integration Project (SIP), designed to systematically integrate young handicapped children academically and socially into existing early education programs. Four goals were set forth: (1) placing handicapped children into local mainstream day care centers; (2) installing a comprehensive program and curriculum…

The purposes of this study were to describe and define nonschool education according to curricular elements, suggest relationships between school and museum curricular elements and perspectives, and construct a heuristic device for curriculum elements and perspectives that will guide further study. Using a curricular model from "A Study of…

This booklet presents a discussion of the use of an open framework approach to curriculum development for children aged 4 to 8. The material was developed during a seminar (sponsored by the Queensland, Australia, Department of Education) focusing on the curriculum development approach developed by David Weikart in the High/Scope Educational…

A practicum was conducted to develop a scientific management tool that would assist students in obtaining a systems view of their college curriculum and to coordinate planning with curriculum requirements. A modification of the critical path method was employed and the result was a time-based network model of the Industrial Engineering Technology…

The model described here was developed for use as a program planning guide by teachers recruited from business, industry, and the professions who offer courses to employed adults seeking additional skills or improvement of their skills and job performance. Ten features of the model are listed: (1) The purpose is to improve the competencies of the…

The model described here was developed for use as a program planning guide by teachers, many of them tradesmen and lay people, at the secondary school level, who offer courses to adults pursuing interests that will add meaning to their lives. Ten features of the model are listed: (1) The purpose is to assist learners in the pursuit of interests…

Six papers focusing on educational change in occupational education are presented. The first paper, by Ronald Havelock, provides a historical review of innovation research models and discusses how the various models have progressed culminating in the Linkage Model. The next three papers address conceptual issues in innovation research. The paper…

A model for the development of elementary and secondary instructional materials covering the broad range of intellectual skills is presented. The document is a result of a search to identify and evaluate existing instructional materials, classification schemes, models, hierarchies, and taxonomies of cognition. It is presented in four sections.…

This report describes research on the Curriculum Information Network (CIN) paradigm for computer-assisted instruction (CAI) in technical subjects. The CIN concept was first conceived and implemented in the BASIC Instructional Program (BIP). The primary objective of CIN-based CAI and the BIP project has been to develop procedures for providing each…

A resolution to the problem of confusion over the usage of terminology in the field of social studies curriculum is proposed. Facets of the problem of confusion are that (1) some terms represent such broad and imprecise concepts, and have little commonly accepted meaning; (2) a given term might have a limited number of meanings which accord with…

The purposes of the project described in this report were to train curriculum specialists and to develop and test curriculum design training materials. The first phase of the project included the development of training materials and their use to train a small group of students. During the training of the pilot group of students, an effective…